Neuroscience – Page 18 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Anatomical and behavioral correlates of auditory perception in developmental dyslexia

Posted by klaurent July 23, 2024August 5, 2024UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Edward Chang | Authors: Ting Qi, Maria Luisa Mandelli, Christa L. Watson Pereira, Emma Wellman, Rian Bogley, Abigail E. Licata, Edward F. Chang, Yulia Oganian and Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini | Summary: Developmental dyslexia (DD) is typically associated with difficulties in manipulating speech sounds and, sometimes, in basic auditory processing. However, the neuroanatomical correlates […]

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Telomere-to-telomere sheep genome assembly reveals new variants associated with wool fineness trait

Posted by dbos July 23, 2024August 5, 2024Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Min | Authors: Ling-Yun Luo, Hui Wu, Li-Ming Zhao, Ya-Hui Zhang, Jia-Hui Huang, Qiu-Yue Liu, Hai-Tao Wang, Dong-Xin Mo, He-Hua EEr, Lian-Quan Zhang, Hai-Liang Chen, Shan-Gang Jia, Wei-Min Wang and Meng-Hua Li | Summary: Ongoing efforts to improve sheep reference genome assemblies still leave many gaps and incomplete regions, resulting in a […]

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A disinhibitory basal forebrain to cortex projection supports sustained attention

Posted by dbos July 23, 2024August 5, 2024UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Edward Callaway | Authors: Shu-Jing Li, Balazs Hangya, Unmukt Gupta, Kyle B. Fischer, James Fitzhugh Sturgill, Edward M. Callaway and Adam Kepe | Summary: Sustained attention, as an essential cognitive faculty governing selective sensory processing, exhibits remarkable temporal fluctuations. However, the underlying neural circuits and computational mechanisms driving moment-to-moment attention fluctuations remain elusive. […]

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Hydrophilic/ Omniphobic droplet arrays for high-throughput and quantitative enzymology

Posted by dbos July 23, 2024August 5, 2024Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Michael Miller | Authors: Byungjin Lee, Fanny Sunden, Michael Miller, Bumshik Pak, Anke Krebber, Stefan Lutz and Polly M Fordyce | Summary: Engineered enzymes with enhanced or novel functions are specific catalysts with wide-ranging applications in industry and medicine. Here, we introduce Droplet Array Microfluidic Enzyme Kinetics (DA-MEK), a high-throughput enzyme screening platform […]

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Stimulation of locus coeruleus inputs to the frontal cortex in mice induces cell type-specific expression of the Apoe gene

Posted by dbos July 23, 2024August 5, 2024Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Keri Martinowich | Authors: Genevieve E Craig, Lizbeth Ramos, Samuel R Essig, Nicholas J Eagles, Andrew E Jaffe, Keri Martinowich and Henry L Hallock | Summary: Deficits in attention are common across a range of neuropsychiatric disorders. A multitude of brain regions, including the frontal cortex (FC) and locus coeruleus (LC), have been […]

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G-quadruplexes are a source of vulnerability in BRCA2 deficient granule cell progenitors and medulloblastoma

Posted by dbos July 22, 2024August 5, 2024Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Mary E. Hatten | Authors: Danielle L. Keahi, Mathijs A. Sanders, Matthew R. Paul, Andrew L.H. Webster, Yin Fang, Tom F. Wiley, Samer Shalaby, Thomas S. Carroll, Settara C. Chandrasekharappa, Carolina Sandoval-Garcia, Margaret L. MacMillan, John E. Wagner, Mary E. Hatten and Agata Smogorzewska | Summary: Biallelic pathogenic variants in the essential DNA […]

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Decoding contextual influences on auditory perception from primary auditory cortex

Posted by dbos July 21, 2024July 29, 2024Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Mounya Elhilali | Authors: Bernhard Englitz, Sahar Akram, Mounya Elhilali and Shihab Shamma | Summary: SPerception can be highly dependent on stimulus context, but whether and how sensory areas encode the context remains uncertain. We used an ambiguous auditory stimulus – a tritone pair – to investigate the neural activity associated with a […]

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Mammalian D-Cysteine controls insulin secretion in the pancreas

Posted by dbos July 19, 2024July 29, 2024Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Solomon Snyder | Authors: Robin Roychaudhuri, Timothy West, Soumyaroop Bhattacharya, Harry Saavedra, Lauren Albacarys, Moataz M Gadalla, Leon Mario Amzel, Peixin Yang and Solomon H. Snyder | Summary: D-amino acids are being recognized in mammals as important molecules with function. This is a first identification of endogenous D-cysteine in mammalian pancreas. D-cysteine is […]

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A spatial model of autophosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in a glutamatergic spine reveals dynamics of kinase activation in the first several seconds after a complex synaptic stimulus.

Posted by dbos July 18, 2024July 29, 2024UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Terrence Sejnowski | Authors: Thomas M Bartol, Mariam Ordyan, Terrence J Sejnowski, Padmini Rangamani and Mary B Kennedy | Summary: Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a biochemical process in excitatory glutamatergic synapses in the Central Nervous System (CNS). It is initiated by a bout of synaptic activation that is strong enough to contribute to […]

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The Neurobiology of Cognitive Fatigue and Its Influence on Effort-Based Choice

Posted by dbos July 18, 2024July 29, 2024Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Vikram Chib | Authors: Grace E Steward and Vikram S Chib | Summary: Feelings of cognitive fatigue emerge through repeated mental exertion and are ubiquitous in our daily lives. However, there is a limited understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the influence of cognitive fatigue on decisions to exert. We use functional magnetic […]

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