Sequential Interval Passing for Compressed Sensing

Kavli Affiliate: Salman Habib | First 5 Authors: Salman Habib, Remi Chou, Taejoon Kim, , | Summary: The reconstruction of sparse signals from a limited set of measurements poses a significant challenge as it necessitates a solution to an underdetermined system of linear equations. Compressed sensing (CS) deals with sparse signal reconstruction using techniques such […]


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Connecting JWST discovered N/O-enhanced galaxies to globular clusters: Evidence from chemical imprints

Kavli Affiliate: Andrey Kravtsov | First 5 Authors: Xihan Ji, Vasily Belokurov, Roberto Maiolino, Stephanie Monty, Yuki Isobe | Summary: Recent JWST observations have revealed a growing population of galaxies at $z>4$ with elevated nitrogen-to-oxygen ratios. These "N/O-enhanced" galaxies (NOEGs) exhibit near- to super-solar N/O at sub-solar O/H, clearly deviating from the well-established scaling relation […]


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Complementary Probes of Gravitational Radiation States

Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wilczek | First 5 Authors: Sreenath K. Manikandan, Frank Wilczek, , , | Summary: We demonstrate that the statistical fluctuations in resonant radiation detectors operating in homodyne and heterodyne modes offers additional, complementary information to that obtained from their direct operation as click detectors. We use this to refine tests of the […]


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Probing Quantum Structure in Gravitational Radiation

Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wilczek | First 5 Authors: Sreenath K. Manikandan, Frank Wilczek, , , | Summary: Gravitational radiation from known astrophysical sources is conventionally treated classically. This treatment corresponds, implicitly, to the hypothesis that a particular class of quantum-mechanical states — the so-called coherent states — adequately describe the gravitational radiation field. We propose […]


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Truly Confining Supersymmetric Gauge Theories

Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | First 5 Authors: Riku Ishikawa, Hitoshi Murayama, Shota Saito, , | Summary: We classify “truly confining” (t-confining) supersymmetric gauge theories, in which no center charges can be screened, and Wilson loops in the fundamental representation are therefore expected to exhibit an area law. In all cases, we identify the condensation […]


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A Cosmic Miracle: A Remarkably Luminous Galaxy at $z_{rm{spec}}=14.44$ Confirmed with JWST

Kavli Affiliate: Robert A. Simcoe | First 5 Authors: Rohan P. Naidu, Pascal A. Oesch, Gabriel Brammer, Andrea Weibel, Yijia Li | Summary: JWST has revealed a stunning population of bright galaxies at surprisingly early epochs, $z>10$, where few such sources were expected. Here we present the most distant example of this class yet — […]


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Prototype sub-wavelength structure anti-reflection coating on alumina filters for ground-based CMB telescopes

Kavli Affiliate: Tomotake Matsumura | First 5 Authors: Kosuke Aizawa, Ryosuke Akizawa, Scott Cray, Shaul Hanany, Shotaro Kawano | Summary: We present designs and fabrication of sub-wavelength anti-reflection (AR) structures on alumina for infrared absorptive filters with passbands near 30, 125, and 250 GHz. These bands are widely used by ground-based instruments measuring the cosmic […]


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Neural Thermodynamic Laws for Large Language Model Training

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Ziming Liu, Yizhou Liu, Jeff Gore, Max Tegmark, | Summary: Beyond neural scaling laws, little is known about the laws underlying large language models (LLMs). We introduce Neural Thermodynamic Laws (NTL) — a new framework that offers fresh insights into LLM training dynamics. On the theoretical side, […]


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AGN star dynamics under the Influence of Outflow-Ambient Interactions

Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang | First 5 Authors: Muxin Liu, Lile Wang, Peng Peng, , | Summary: Stars with outflows interacting with ambient gas experience accelerations arising from the gravitational feedback induced by the interaction structure. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) local shearing box simulations are performed to investigate the dynamical evolution of a star […]


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WeGA: Weakly-Supervised Global-Local Affinity Learning Framework for Lymph Node Metastasis Prediction in Rectal Cancer

Kavli Affiliate: Feng Yuan | First 5 Authors: Yifan Gao, Yaoxian Dong, Wenbin Wu, Chaoyang Ge, Feng Yuan | Summary: Accurate lymph node metastasis (LNM) assessment in rectal cancer is essential for treatment planning, yet current MRI-based evaluation shows unsatisfactory accuracy, leading to suboptimal clinical decisions. Developing automated systems also faces significant obstacles, primarily the […]


Continue.. WeGA: Weakly-Supervised Global-Local Affinity Learning Framework for Lymph Node Metastasis Prediction in Rectal Cancer