Neuroticism Heterogeneity Through Item-Level Associations in Resting-State Functional Connectivity

Posted by dbos This Week: Neuroscience, UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Wesley Thompson | Authors: Masaya Misaki, Chun Chieh Fan, Wesley K Thompson, Heekyeong Park, Bohan Xu and Martin M Paulus | Summary: Neuroticism is characterized by emotional instability and increased susceptibility to stress-related disorders. While traditionally treated as a unitary construct, growing evidence suggests that neuroticism is heterogeneous in both its genetic basis […]


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robostrategy: Field and Target Assignment Optimization in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey V

Posted by dbos Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Alexander Ji | First 5 Authors: Michael R. Blanton, Joleen K. Carlberg, Tom Dwelly, Ilija Medan, S. Drew Chojnowski | Summary: We present an algorithmic method for efficiently planning a long-term, large-scale multi-object spectroscopy program. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) Focal Plane System performs multi-object spectroscopy using 500 robotic positioners to […]


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A Reduction-Driven Local Search for the Generalized Independent Set Problem

Posted by dbos This Week: Theoretical Physics, UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Yi Zhou | First 5 Authors: Yiping Liu, Yi Zhou, Zhenxiang Xu, Mingyu Xiao, Jin-Kao Hao | Summary: The Generalized Independent Set (GIS) problem extends the classical maximum independent set problem by incorporating profits for vertices and penalties for edges. This generalized problem has been identified in diverse applications in fields such as […]


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Multi-Mode Process Control Using Multi-Task Inverse Reinforcement Learning

Posted by dbos This Week: Theoretical Physics, UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Biao Huang | First 5 Authors: Runze Lin, Junghui Chen, Biao Huang, Lei Xie, Hongye Su | Summary: In the era of Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing, process systems engineering must adapt to digital transformation. While reinforcement learning offers a model-free approach to process control, its applications are limited by the dependence on […]


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Multi-objective Large Language Model Alignment with Hierarchical Experts

Posted by dbos Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Zhuo Li, Guodong Du, Weiyang Guo, Yigeng Zhou, Xiucheng Li | Summary: Aligning large language models (LLMs) to simultaneously satisfy multiple objectives remains a significant challenge, especially given the diverse and often conflicting nature of human preferences. Existing alignment methods struggle to balance trade-offs effectively, often requiring […]


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The Extreme Universe Observatory on a Super-Pressure Balloon II: Mission, Payload, and Flight

Posted by dbos Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Stephan S. Meyer | First 5 Authors: James. H. Adams Jr., Denis Allard, Phillip Alldredge, Luis Anchordoqui, Anna Anzalone | Summary: The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) is a pathfinder mission toward a space-based observatory such as the Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA). The aim of […]


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SeqPO-SiMT: Sequential Policy Optimization for Simultaneous Machine Translation

Posted by dbos Berkeley, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Ting Xu, Zhichao Huang, Jiankai Sun, Shanbo Cheng, Wai Lam | Summary: We present Sequential Policy Optimization for Simultaneous Machine Translation (SeqPO-SiMT), a new policy optimization framework that defines the simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) task as a sequential decision making problem, incorporating a tailored reward to enhance […]


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Epigenetic mechanisms governing cell type specific somatic expansion and toxicity in Huntington’s disease

Posted by dbos Rockefeller, This Week: Neuroscience

Kavli Affiliate: Nathaniel Heintz | Authors: Matthew Baffuto, Kert Mätlik, Isaac Ilyashov, Maria Esterlita Siantoputri, Hasnahana Chetia, Yurie Harada, Erika Sipos, Paul Darnell, Laura Kus, Thomas Carroll, Douglas Barrows, Christina Pressl, Nicholas Didkovsky and Nathaniel Heintz | Summary: Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by neuronal dysfunction and degeneration that varies markedly by brain region and […]


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Evolution of star clusters with initial bulk rotation via N-body simulations

Posted by dbos Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Rainer Spurzem | First 5 Authors: Abylay Bissekenov, Xiaoying Pang, Albrecht Kamlah, M. B. N. Kouwenhoven, Rainer Spurzem | Summary: Young star clusters can inherit bulk rotation from the molecular clouds from which they have formed. This rotation can affect the long-term evolution of a star cluster and its constituent stellar populations. In […]


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Hybrid RIS-Enhanced ISAC Secure Systems: Joint Optimization in the Presence of an Extended Target

Posted by dbos This Week: Theoretical Physics, UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Long Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yu Yao, Junhao Zhang, Pu Miao, Long Zhang, Gaojie Chen | Summary: Unlike the conventional fully-passive and fully-active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), a hybrid RIS consisting of active and passive reflection units has recently been concerned, which can exploit their integrated advantages to alleviate the RIS-induced path […]


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