All Disciplines – Page 4 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

From observing strategies to velocity dispersion bias: forward modeling unresolved binaries in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | Summary:Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) in the Milky Way are ideal probes of low-mass galaxy formation and dark matter because they are highly dark-matter dominated. In the lowest-mass systems, however, unresolved binary orbital motion complicates dynamical mass estimates by inflating measured velocity dispersions and biasing the interpretation of the inferred masses. […]

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Observing and evading quantum back-action on a kilogram-scale oscillator

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Nergis Mavalvala | Summary:Continuous quantum displacement measurements are fundamentally limited by a trade-off between readout imprecision and measurement back-action, constrained by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In the Laser Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO), these two quantum noise components dominate much of the observation band, making it an excellent testbed. We induce a sub-Hz-linewidth optomechanical […]

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RNA trans-splicing treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Posted by dbos September 16, 2026September 21, 2026This Week: Neuroscience, UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Samuel Pfaff | Authors: Ryan H. Hsu, Claire E. Williams, Geraldine Maier, Miriam Gullo, Karen Lettieri, Cindy J. Alvarez, Kip J. Hermann, Stella Kramer, Satchidananda Panda, Lukas C. Bachmann and Samuel L. Pfaff | Summary: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal disorder caused by dystrophin mutations, leading to progressive muscle degeneration and cardiac failure. […]

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Reconstructing the Projected Dark Matter Field across 0.1-100 Mpc Scales from the SDSS Survey

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Cambridge, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Dark matter sets the gravitational environment in which galaxies form and evolve, but cannot be observed directly. We present a conditional diffusion model that reconstructs the projected dark matter density field from the galaxy stellar-mass density field for direct application to galaxy surveys. The model is trained on CAMELS and […]

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On the Clustering Bias of Unresolved Gamma-Ray Sources

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Aaron Roodman | Summary:The Unresolved $γ$-Ray Background (UGRB) encodes the collective emission of source populations that are too faint to be detected individually, and its cross-correlation with tracers of the large-scale structure has emerged as a powerful tool to characterize those populations. In this work, we analyze the weak-lensing–UGRB cross-correlation using a reference […]

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Rubin LSST DP2 unveils almost-dark galaxies in the Virgo Cluster

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Kevin Reil | Summary:Galaxies with the faintest surface brightness are currently known only in the Local Group. Similar objects should exist beyond our vicinity and are crucial for understanding galaxy evolution, structure, and dark matter content, yet surveys have not reached the depth required to detect them systematically. We present a population of […]

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Hippocampo-septal inhibitory feedback controls the medial septal circuit as a function of brain state, pyramidal cell activity and movement speed.

Posted by dbos September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Attila Losonczy | Authors: Andor Domonkos, Daniel Schlingloff, Balint Kiraly, Litsa Ledri, Marta Jelitai, Gergely Turi, Rita M Karlocai, Edit Papp, Panna Hegedus, Gabor Nyiri, Attila I Gulyas, Tamas F Freund, Karl Deisseroth, Attila Losonczy, Balazs Hangya and Viktor Varga | Summary: Encoding novel experiences and retrieving stored information rely on the hippocampal […]

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A Binary Flux Calibrator Reveals the Scientific Potential of Short-integration JWST MIRI Imaging to Directly Detect sub-Jupiter Exoplanets

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | Summary:We report the direct imaging detection of a stellar companion to HD 101452 (HIP 56925; Gaia DR3 5384905720847544192), an A star historically used as an infrared flux calibrator. The companion was identified from an asymmetry in the stellar PSF using short-integration (<1 min), noncoronagraphic JWST MIRI imaging from 15 – […]

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Massive Galaxy Halos Contain Less Inner Dark Matter Than Predicted

Posted by klaurent September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Cambridge, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:The mass profiles of galaxy halos encode how baryons reshape dark matter distribution, yet direct observational constraints across the full radial range remain scarce. Here we combine stellar kinematics from MaNGA, H I dynamical measurements from ALFALFA, and independently calibrated halo masses of SDSS groups to statistically reconstruct the mass […]

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Single-molecule imaging of DNA repair and cytoplasmic rigidification in intracellular bacteria

Posted by dbos September 16, 2026September 21, 2026Oxford, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Lindsay Baker | Authors: Fiona Anne Sargison, Nicolas Cherif Ducrot, Clara Kummerer, Claire Qu, Treasa B O’Hagan, Elliott Haywood, Anju Kudhail, Amy N Moores, Lindsay Baker and Stephan Uphoff | Summary: DNA damage is an important component of the antibacterial response of phagocytes, but which DNA repair mechanisms are active in intracellular bacteria […]

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