All Disciplines – Page 3 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Reviving the Affleck-Dine Curvaton Scenario with Compensated Isocurvature Perturbations

Posted by klaurent July 23, 2026July 27, 2026This Week: Astrophysics, Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Kawasaki | Summary:We revisit the Affleck-Dine curvaton scenario in the framework of supersymmetry, taking Q-ball formation into account. In this scenario, a scalar field carrying baryon number, namely the Affleck-Dine field, generates both the curvature perturbations and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. However, correlated baryon isocurvature perturbations are inevitably generated, resulting […]

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Polarization vector conjugation in a photonic integrated circuit

Posted by klaurent July 23, 2026July 27, 2026Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: David W. Miller | Summary:We show how to perform polarization conjugation of light in a simple apparatus without any nonlinear optical materials, based on self-configuring Mach-Zehnder interferometers fed by a polarization splitter. This allows us to completely and automatically remove the polarization variations on a single beam or mode propagating through an optical […]

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Polarization vector conjugation in a photonic integrated circuit

Posted by klaurent July 23, 2026Chicago

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High-Dimensional Change Point Analysis for Temporally Dependent Data

Posted by klaurent July 23, 2026July 27, 2026Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Feng Long| Summary: This paper develops adaptive procedures for detecting and locating mean changes in high-dimensional time series. Quadratic CUSUM statistics target dense changes, whereas coordinatewise maximum statistics target sparse changes. Two weighting schemes are considered to accommodate both interior and boundary changes. Under general non-Gaussian vector dependence, we establish the limiting distributions, […]

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The High-Energy Light Isotope eXperiment (HELIX) Instrument

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Scott P. Wakely | Summary:The HELIX detector is a balloon-borne instrument designed to measure the flux of light (Z < 11) cosmic-ray isotopes. In this paper we describe the initial configuration of HELIX, optimized for measurements in the energy range from approximately 0.2 GeV per nucleon to beyond 3 GeV per nucleon. In […]

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RAMSES-GPU: Cell-by-Cell Adaptive Mesh Refinement with Magneto-Hydrodynamics and Self-Gravity on Graphics Processing Units

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Tom Abel | Summary:We present the implementation and optimization of the cosmological simulation code RAMSES on Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) using CUDA Fortran. This accelerated version ports the main computational routines, including hydrodynamics, particle dynamics, and self-gravity, to multi-GPU architectures. We detail our strategy for managing cell-by-cell Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) on the […]

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Ferromagnetic transition in a chiral spin chain

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026This Week: Theoretical Physics, UCSB

Kavli Affiliate: Leon Balents | Summary:We study the zero-temperature properties of a spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg chain with an additional three-site chiral term of strength $g$. The model is known to be integrable and previous work using Bethe ansatz has identified a phase transition from the usual critical state for $g< g_c = 2/π$ to a chiral […]

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A dust-free hierarchically nested supermassive-star model for James Webb Space Telescope Little Red Dots

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Pau Amaro Seoane | Summary:Observations by the James Webb Space Telescope reveal a population of high-redshift objects, the little red dots. These sources exhibit optical reddening alongside blue ultraviolet continua, host broad Balmer lines indicative of active black holes, and lack detectable x-ray emission. Their cosmic abundance at early epochs exceeds standard Eddington-limited […]

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The High-Speed FPGA Readout System for the Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS)

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Marshall Bautz | Summary:The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS) is a Probe-class mission concept designed to deliver arcsecond spatial resolution, high-sensitivity spectral imaging across the 0.3-10 keV band. The X-ray Astronomy and Observational Cosmology (XOC) Group at Stanford, in collaboration with the MIT Kavli Institute (MKI) and MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT-LL), is developing […]

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Fast, low-noise CCD systems for future strategic X-ray missions

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2026July 27, 2026MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Marshall Bautz | Summary:Future strategic X-ray missions, such as those targeted by the Great Observatories Maturation Program (GOMaP), require fast, low-noise X-ray imaging spectrometers. To achieve the speed and noise capabilities required by such programs, our Stanford team, in collaboration with the MIT Kavli Institute (MKI) and MIT Lincoln Laboratory (MIT-LL), is developing […]

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