Kavli Affiliate: Rui Costa | Authors:Michele Garibbo, Carolina Filipe, Laurence Aitchison and Rui Ponte Costa | Summary: Learning depends on both reward- and error-based feedback, yet how the brain integrates these distinct signals to guide behaviour remains fundamentally unclear. Here, using a normative computational framework, we derive credit assignment rules for both reward-based learning (RBL) […]
Kavli Affiliate: Franck Polleux | Authors: Sergio Bernal-Garcia, Regina Jiang and Franck Polleux | Summary: In cortical circuits, synaptic plasticity involves either changes in the weight of pre-existing synapses, referred to as functional synaptic plasticity, or synapse formation and elimination, referred to as structural synaptic plasticity. Experience-dependent structural synaptic plasticity is prominent in juvenile cortical […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael Miller | Authors: Evan Layher, Ivan Skelin, Chrystal M Reed, Jeffrey M Chung, Lisa M Bateman, Taufik A Valiante, Adam N Mamelak, Michael B Miller and Ueli Rutishauser | Summary: The decision criterion is foundational to theories of decision-making, yet little is known about its neural underpinnings. In memory-based decision making, the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | Summary:We report the discovery of two planets, a hot Jupiter and a nearby outer sub-Neptune, orbiting the star TOI-4468. This system is unique among the current exoplanet census in that it features a close outer companion to a hot Jupiter without an accompanying inner companion. By jointly fitting radial velocity […]
Kavli Affiliate: Robert Edwards | Authors: Jacob Kelman, Meena Khan, Chibundu Umunna, Russell Brainard, Grace Donohue, Robert A Edwards, Natalie A Falta, Emma E. George, Eleanor Gorham, Juris Grasis, Kevin Green, Andreas F Haas, Kimberly Halsey, Eric Hester, Summer Jacob, Aydin Loid Karatas, Yan Wei Lim, Mark Little, Stuart Sandin, Jessie Segnitz, Maya Serota, Natalia […]
Kavli Affiliate: Martin Lindquist | Authors: Yanxi Liu, Richard E. Harris, Daniel Clauw, Emine Bayman, Andrew Leroux and Martin A. Lindquist | Summary: Chronic pain is a widespread public health issue that imposes substantial health, emotional, and economic burdens on individuals and communities. Because pain is subjective and lacks objective biomarkers, it is typically measured […]
Kavli Affiliate: Massimo Scanziani and Loren Frank | Authors: Cameron Wilhite, Loren M. Frank and Massimo Scanziani | Summary: Fluid behavior requires temporal coordination across brain systems that orchestrate movement. A clear example is locomotion, in which left and right turns are not only precisely coordinated with the ongoing stepping rhythm but occur at opposite […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | Summary:Gravitational radiation from the early Universe offers a powerful window into physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). In this paper, we investigate the low-frequency tail of gravitational radiation produced by the decay of massive particles. The energy spectrum in Minkowski space-time, $dE/dω$, exhibits two distinct regimes: a flat bremsstrahlung/memory spectrum […]
Kavli Affiliate: Joseph Falson | Summary:Conventional oxide epitaxy approaches face challenges when the oxidation conditions of constituent elements differ significantly. Here we demonstrate that V–O thin films can serve as solid-phase precursors for epitaxial AlV$_2$O$_4$, comprising a pyrochlore V$^2.5+$ network coexisting with AlO$_4$ tetrahedra within the spinel structure. The epitaxial AlV$_2$O$_4$/Al$_2$O$_3$ (0001) heterostructures are realized […]
Kavli Affiliate: Dimitri Mawet| Summary:NIRC2, the Near Infrared Camera 2 on the Keck II telescope, was recently upgraded with a new suite of polarimetric observing modes. The new polarimetry modes (referred to as NIRC2-Pol) open up a wide range of new studies, including investigations of exoplanets, the Galactic center, active galactic nuclei, and solar system […]