The Photonic Lantern Nuller: from concept to laboratory and on-sky demonstrations

Posted by klaurent Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Dimitri Mawet| Summary:This thesis work presents the conceptual design and experimental characterization of the Photonic Lantern Nuller instrument, which uses a multimode-to-single-mode demultiplexing waveguide to cancel out starlight while maintaining planet light, allowing for the direct characterization of planets at a telescope’s diffraction limit. The PLN was experimentally characterized in the lab, where […]


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Time-Dependent Tunneling in the Thin-Barrier Limit

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wilczek | Summary:The usual WKB analysis for quantum tunneling applies when the tunneling action is large, as it is for tall, wide potential barriers. In contrast we analyze tunneling when the action is small, as it is for tunneling across a tall, thin barrier. We develop a perturbative analysis where the control […]


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An Evolving Cosmic Shoreline and Sandbar Bounding the Rocky Airless Valley

Posted by klaurent Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Laura Schaefer | Summary:Recent JWST observations challenge the traditional ‘cosmic shoreline’ from both sides, revealing thick volatile atmospheres on the hottest close-in ‘lava worlds,’ where irradiation should drive the most extreme escape, and bare rocky surfaces on cooler terrestrial planets around M dwarfs, where atmospheres would be expected to survive. Using a coupled […]


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Active gaze behavior organizes V1 activity in freely-moving marmosets

Posted by dbos UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Cory Miller | Authors: Jingwen Li, Vikram Pal Singh, Jude F. Mitchell, Alexander C. Huk and Cory T. Miller | Summary: Human and nonhuman primates rely heavily on vision to actively explore and navigate their environment. Although primate visual cortex has been studied extensively in head-fixed animals, little is known about how the […]


Continue.. Active gaze behavior organizes V1 activity in freely-moving marmosets

Entropy Production Bounds the Accuracy of Computation in Markov Networks

Posted by klaurent Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: David T. Limmer | Summary:Biological and artificial networks compute by transforming time-dependent inputs into functional outputs. Because the internal state of a stochastic network relaxes on finite timescales, its output generally lags behind a changing environment, producing computational errors. We show that for reversible continuous-time Markov networks the error admits a universal thermodynamic […]


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Cool CGM MgII Absorption Across the Star-Forming, Green Valley, and Quiescent Transition

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Robert Simcoe | Summary:We investigate the distribution and kinematics of cool circumgalactic medium (CGM) gas across the star-forming to quiescent transition using MgII absorption for 716 galaxies spanning $0.07<z<2.7$ (169 new and 547 archival galaxies). To compare galaxies uniformly across 10 billion years of cosmic time, we introduce a star-formation offset metric ($σ_mathrmSFO$), […]


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Working memory retention by medial entorhinal cortex low-dimensional neural dynamics

Posted by dbos Hopkins, UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Jill Leutgeb | Authors: Li Yuan, Jiarui Wang, Xiaohe Li, Wenxi Li, Johnatan Aljadeff, Jill K Leutgeb and Stefan Leutgeb | Summary: The ability to retain information over tens of seconds is essential for carrying out many routine tasks. Recurrently connected circuits are thought to support memory over these timescales, yet how they […]


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Spatiotemporal Dissociation of Human Amygdala Response to Negative Affect

Posted by dbos Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Martin Lindquist | Authors: Ke Bo, Martin Lindquist, Peter J Gianaros and Tor Wager | Summary: The amygdala is central to negative affect and a primary target of top-down regulation, yet its temporal dynamics remain poorly characterized. Most fMRI studies model stimulus-evoked amygdala activity with a canonical hemodynamic response function and collapse across […]


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A superflare of BP Tau simultaneously caught by EP X-ray and TESS optical observations

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Gregory Herczeg | Summary:Multiwavelength observations of stellar flares trace the activity of different components of the stars’ outer atmosphere, providing insight into their interactions. In the present paper, we report a superflare from BP Tau, simultaneously observed with the Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) on board the Einstein Probe (EP) satellite and TESS. While […]


Continue.. A superflare of BP Tau simultaneously caught by EP X-ray and TESS optical observations