Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:Zeeman splitting in spectral lines — both in emission and absorption — provides direct estimates of magnetic field strength and direction in magnetized gas in our own Milky Way and in external galaxies. We discuss the potential for using the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) to measure the Zeeman effect in […]
Kavli Affiliate: Laura Schaefer | Summary:Earth and Venus represent two evolutionary outcomes arising from initially molten ‘magma ocean’ periods, followed by lifetimes of chemical and geophysical divergence. Their physics is common to all rocky planets and is accessible to simulations that adopt coupled interior-atmosphere modelling approaches. Our understanding of planet histories and interpretation of current […]
Kavli Affiliate: Bruce Macintosh | Summary:We report the discovery of $β$ Pictoris d ($β$ Pic d), a third giant planet in the $β$ Pictoris system, which now becomes only the second directly imaged system with more than two confirmed planets. $β$ Pic d was serendipitously detected in JWST/NIRSpec IFU observations. A second epoch of NIRSpec […]
Kavli Affiliate: Maria Monzani | Summary:In this article we describe Cohort Organized Learning (CoOL), a method for clustering data without explicit distance or similarity computations. Herein, we will describe CoOL, derive the gradients determined by expectation maximization to train the networks, show how to monitor convergence during training and evaluate the clusters after training, and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roger Romani | Summary:We present the first X-ray polarization measurements of the PSR/PWN complex within SNR Kes 75. Two $rm sim,500,ks$ IXPE observations were conducted in October/November 2024 and April 2025. The second observation yields a significant phase-average 2-8 keV polarization degree $rm PD = 9.9% pm 2.5%$ at $rm PA=36.8^circ pm 7.3^circ$, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:Highly-localized light-matter interactions are necessary for scaling trapped-ion architectures. In hyperfine qubits, counterpropagating beams generate entangling gates by coupling with motion, but this effect is undesirable during single-qubit operations. For that reason, single-qubit gates are traditionally implemented with copropagating beams, and the coexistence of two beam geometries adds hardware and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Laura Schaefer | Summary:Sub-Neptunes’ molten interiors are expected to accommodate large quantities of volatiles, potentially altering their radius evolution. Previous studies have examined this effect in isolation with simplified evolution modeling, often assuming idealized interior and atmospheric conditions. To address this limitation, we introduce SEAMIST, a unified evolution model for sub-Neptunes and super-Earths […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:We present an approach based on tensor networks for distributed quantum computing simulation of chemical wavepacket dynamics in a continuous variable representation. The central idea is that the tensor-network representation of the multidimensional time-evolution operator naturally induces an elevated Hilbert space where the dynamics decomposes into a set of independent […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:Gaussian processes are a powerful tool for modeling continuous fields, but their naive $mathcalO(N^3)$ computational cost and $mathcalO(N^2)$ memory requirement often limit their practical use. Vecchia’s approximation is a sparse precision matrix approximation for stationary, decaying kernels that conditions each point only on its $k$ nearest neighbors. We present GraphGP, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan Clark | Summary:Magnetic fields permeate the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM), yet their phase-dependent structure remains poorly constrained by observations. Dust polarization and ionH1 emission together offer complementary probes of the plane-of-sky magnetic field and cold neutral medium (CNM) gas structure, respectively. Recent observational work has shown that in the diffuse ISM, the […]