Kavli Affiliate: Yi Zhou | First 5 Authors: Huichan Seo, Huichan Seo, , , | Summary: Generative image models produce striking visuals yet often misrepresent culture. Prior work has examined cultural bias mainly in text-to-image (T2I) systems, leaving image-to-image (I2I) editors underexplored. We bridge this gap with a unified evaluation across six countries, an 8-category/36-subcategory […]
Kavli Affiliate: Peter Graham | Summary:Mergers of white dwarf binaries are a possible progenitor channel for Type Ia supernovae. While white dwarfs are abundant in the universe and relatively well understood, their gravitational wave signals have not yet been directly observed. In order to detect gravitational waves from merging white dwarf binaries, a detector in […]
Kavli Affiliate: Peter W. Graham | First 5 Authors: Giona Sala, Giona Sala, , , | Summary: Mergers of white dwarf binaries are a possible progenitor channel for Type Ia supernovae. While white dwarfs are abundant in the universe and relatively well understood, their gravitational wave signals have not yet been directly observed. In order […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael Miller | Authors: Zifan Xie, Yong-Su Jin and Michael J Miller | Summary: Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is one of the most extensively studied probiotic strains, widely used in food and health applications. However, the absence of efficient, precise genome editing methods has limited its broader potential and functional versatility. Here, we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Seth Shipman | Authors: Karen Zhang, Matías Rojas-Montero, Darshini Poola, Josepha Klas, Arturo Carabias, Dennis Zhang, Mario R Mestre, Ruiliang Zhao, Ana Dávila-Hidalgo, Guillermo Montoya, Rafael Pinilla-Redondo, Alejandro González-Delgado and Seth L Shipman | Summary: Retrons are bacterial immune systems that prevent the spread of phages by initiating a toxic response within infected […]
Kavli Affiliate: Yi Zhou | First 5 Authors: Zihao Chen, Zihao Chen, , , | Summary: Unpaired image-to-image translation has emerged as a crucial technique in medical imaging, enabling cross-modality synthesis, domain adaptation, and data augmentation without costly paired datasets. Yet, existing approaches often distort fine curvilinear structures, such as microvasculature, undermining both diagnostic reliability […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gerbrand Ceder| Summary:Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a foundational technique for characterizing crystalline materials. However, the reliable interpretation of XRD patterns, particularly in multiphase systems, remains a manual and expertise-demanding task. As a characterization method that only provides structural information, multiple reference phases can often be fit to a single pattern, leading to […]
Kavli Affiliate: Eiichiro Komatsu | Summary:The Population III.1 theory for supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation predicts a very early ($zsim20-25$) transient phase, the “Pop III.1 Flash”, of cosmic reionization powered by supermassive stars that are SMBH progenitors. The universe then quickly recombined to become mostly neutral, with this state persisting until galaxies begin to reionize […]
Kavli Affiliate: Eiichiro Komatsu | Summary:The Population III.1 theory for supermassive black hole (SMBH) formation predicts a very early ($zsim20-25$), transient phase, “The Flash”, of cosmic reionization powered by supermassive stars that are SMBH progenitors. The universe then quickly recombined to become mostly neutral, with this state persisting until galaxies begin to reionize intergalactic gas […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kinfai Mak | First 5 Authors: Zijian Feng, Zijian Feng, , , | Summary: Pruning is a widely used technique to reduce the size and inference cost of large language models (LLMs), but it often causes performance degradation. To mitigate this, existing restoration methods typically employ parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), such as LoRA, to […]