Kavli Affiliate: Gerbrand Ceder| Summary:AI agents are playing an increasingly important role in physics research. However, existing physics benchmarks only evaluate fixed questions, isolated sub-tasks, or paper reproduction with given solutions, and rarely check research quality alongside correctness. We introduce FrontierPhysics, an end-to-end benchmark with 56 tasks made by 42 physicists based on their own […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gerbrand Ceder| Summary:World Models (WMs) can support Multimodal Agents (MAs) through simulated experience, while Agent trajectories can inform World Model refinement. Evaluating this interaction requires separate evidence about action selection and state evolution. We introduce Dual Exam, which tests Agents under fixed environment response mechanisms and World Models under fixed action interventions across […]
Kavli Affiliate: Omar M. Yaghi | Summary:In covalent organic frameworks (COFs), the geometry of the building units predetermines the structure of the framework, yet comparable design principles relating the COF linkers to the local motions that govern guest adsorption and diffusion as well as mechanical response have remained beyond reach. Here, we combine synchrotron X-ray […]
Kavli Affiliate: Omar M. Yaghi | Summary:In covalent organic frameworks (COFs), the geometry of the building units predetermines the structure of the framework, yet comparable design principles relating the COF linkers to the local motions that govern guest adsorption and diffusion as well as mechanical response have remained beyond reach. Here, we combine synchrotron X-ray […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kristin Persson | Summary:We present a retrospective on the Python Materials Genomics (pymatgen) library, reflecting on 15 years of community growth and established best practices. The current version of pymatgen builds on its robust, open-source foundation, emphasising its collaborative nature. Over the past decade, pymatgen has thrived as one of the largest open-source […]
Kavli Affiliate: Joel Moore | Summary:The prediction of response tensors from magnetic textures is a crucial challenge in the study of noncollinear magnets. Existing methods for constructing descriptors of a given response tensor are limited to first-order multipole expansions or restricted to simple magnetic structures. In this work, we construct a complete symmetry-invariant descriptor basis […]
Kavli Affiliate: Joel Moore | Summary:Standard bulk probes of multiband superconductors cannot assign pairing gaps to specific electron or hole Fermi surfaces. Here we show that thermal Hall transport ($κ_xy$), constrained by specific heat and normal-state magnetotransport, resolves this ambiguity in the compensated heavy-fermion superconductor CeRu$_2$. Fixing the gap magnitudes ($Δ_e/k_Bapprox 13$K, $Δ_h/k_Bapprox 8$K) and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael Crommie | Summary:Kagome lattices provide a simple geometry for engineering electronic states that exhibit novel quantum behavior. In conventional kagome materials, however, the relevant states are often embedded in chemically complex three-dimensional crystals and are difficult to isolate or tune. Molecule-based kagome networks offer structural precision and tunability, but have largely been […]
Kavli Affiliate: David T. Limmer | Summary:Nitrite photochemistry in atmospheric aerosols and natural waters is a major source of hydroxyl radicals and reactive nitrogen oxides. Contrary to the prevailing view that in the environment aqueous nitrite photochemistry proceeds exclusively through photoexcitation followed by homolytic bond cleavage, we show that visible light directly ionizes aqueous nitrite […]
Kavli Affiliate: Alessandra Lanzara | Summary:Condensed matter stands to gain profoundly from widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI). However, its current means of data organization impedes this endeavor. As a premier measure of electronic structure underlying material properties, Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) has accumulated over four decades of spectra, yet the community’s publication-centered workflow preserves […]