Benchmarking of quantum and classical SDP relaxations for QUBO formulations of real-world logistics problems

Posted by dbos UCSB

Kavli Affiliate: David Gross | First 5 Authors: Birte Ostermann, Taylor Garnowski, Fabian Henze, Vaibhavnath Jha, Asra Dia | Summary: Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problems (QUBOs) are intensively discussed in the realm of quantum computing and polynomial optimization. We provide a vast experimental study of semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations of QUBOs using sums of squares […]


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A Hierarchical Shock Model of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays

Posted by dbos Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Roger Blandford | First 5 Authors: Paul Simeon, Noémie Globus, Kirk S. S. Barrow, Roger Blandford, | Summary: We propose that a hierarchical shock model$unicode{x2014}$including supernova remnant shocks, galactic wind termination shocks, and accretion shocks around cosmic filaments and galaxy clusters$unicode{x2014}$can naturally explain the cosmic ray spectrum from ~1 GeV up to ~200 […]


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Cosmic Reionization on Computers: Statistical Properties of the Distributions of Mean Opacities

Posted by dbos Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: Nickolay Y. Gnedin | First 5 Authors: Ella Werre, David Robinson, Camille Avestruz, Nickolay Y. Gnedin, | Summary: Quasar absorption lines provide a unique window to the relationship between galaxies and the intergalactic medium during the Epoch of Reionization. In particular, high redshift quasars enable measurements of the neutral hydrogen content of the […]


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MMLU-ProX: A Multilingual Benchmark for Advanced Large Language Model Evaluation

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Li Xin Li | First 5 Authors: Weihao Xuan, Rui Yang, Heli Qi, Qingcheng Zeng, Yunze Xiao | Summary: Traditional benchmarks struggle to evaluate increasingly sophisticated language models in multilingual and culturally diverse contexts. To address this gap, we introduce MMLU-ProX, a comprehensive multilingual benchmark covering 13 typologically diverse languages with approximately 11,829 […]


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SPPO:Efficient Long-sequence LLM Training via Adaptive Sequence Pipeline Parallel Offloading

Posted by dbos Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Qiaoling Chen, Shenggui Li, Wei Gao, Peng Sun, Yonggang Wen | Summary: In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable capabilities, driving advancements in real-world applications. However, training LLMs on increasingly long input sequences imposes significant challenges due to high GPU memory and computational demands. […]


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Hybrid Agents for Image Restoration

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Li Xin Li | First 5 Authors: Bingchen Li, Xin Li, , , | Summary: Existing Image Restoration (IR) studies typically focus on task-specific or universal modes individually, relying on the mode selection of users and lacking the cooperation between multiple task-specific/universal restoration modes. This leads to insufficient interaction for unprofessional users and […]


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Why Does Your CoT Prompt (Not) Work? Theoretical Analysis of Prompt Space Complexity, its Interaction with Answer Space During CoT Reasoning with LLMs: A Recurrent Perspective

Posted by dbos Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Xiang Zhang, Juntai Cao, Jiaqi Wei, Chenyu You, Dujian Ding | Summary: Despite the remarkable successes of Large Language Models (LLMs), their fundamental Transformer architecture possesses inherent theoretical limitations that restrict their capability to handle reasoning tasks with increasing computational complexity. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has emerged as […]


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Speedy MASt3R

Posted by dbos UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Cheng Peng | First 5 Authors: Jingxing Li, Yongjae Lee, Abhay Kumar Yadav, Cheng Peng, Rama Chellappa | Summary: Image matching is a key component of modern 3D vision algorithms, essential for accurate scene reconstruction and localization. MASt3R redefines image matching as a 3D task by leveraging DUSt3R and introducing a fast reciprocal […]


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Superconductivity in tin telluride films grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Posted by dbos Cornell

Kavli Affiliate: David A. Muller | First 5 Authors: Antonio Gonzalez, Samuel J. Poage, Bernardo Langa, Jr., Deepak Sapkota, Salva Salmani-Rezaie | Summary: The intersection of superconductivity and ferroelectricity hosts a wide range of exotic quantum phenomena. Here, we report on the observation of superconductivity in high-quality tin telluride films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. […]


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The dearth of high-mass hydrogen-atmosphere metal-polluted white dwarfs within 40 pc

Posted by dbos Harvard

Kavli Affiliate: David Charbonneau | First 5 Authors: Tim Cunningham, Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay, Mairi O’Brien, Evan B. Bauer, Mark A. Hollands | Summary: We present a population synthesis model which addresses the different mass distributions of the metal-polluted and non-metal-polluted hydrogen-atmosphere white dwarfs identified in volume-limited samples. Specifically, metal-pollution has been observed to be rare in […]


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