Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: While ride-hailing services offer increased travel flexibility and convenience, persistent nighttime safety concerns significantly reduce women’s willingness to use them. Existing research often treats women as a homogeneous group, neglecting the heterogeneity in their decision-making processes. To address this gap, this […]
Kavli Affiliate: Eric D. Siggia | Authors: Dillon J. Cislo, M Joaquina Delás, James Briscoe and Eric D. Siggia | Summary: The development of a zygote into a functional organism requires that this single progenitor cell gives rise to numerous distinct cell types. Attempts to exhaustively tabulate the interactions within developmental signaling networks that coordinate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Paul D. Asimow | First 5 Authors: K. Marshall Seaton, K. Marshall Seaton, , , | Summary: The Europa Clipper mission will arrive at the Jovian system in 2030 and analyze ice grains sourced from the icy material on its surface using impact mass spectrometry, which will provide key constraints on Europa’s chemical […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | First 5 Authors: Lijing Shao, Lijing Shao, , , | Summary: Searching for radio pulsars orbiting around the Galactic centre black hole (BH), Sagittarius A$^star$ (Sgr A$^star$), represents a holy grail goal for large-area radio telescopes, in particular for the Square Kilometre Array. Follow-up timing observation of such a PSR-Sgr […]
Kavli Affiliate: Salman Habib | First 5 Authors: Nesar Ramachandra, Nesar Ramachandra, , , | Summary: Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized text processing, yet adapting Transformer-based neural networks to non-textual scientific modalities typically requires specialized architectures and extensive computational resources. We demonstrate that LLaMA-3.1-8B can be efficiently repurposed to predict galaxy redshifts from […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Sukhad Dnyanesh Joshi, Sukhad Dnyanesh Joshi, , , | Summary: Leveraging our structure-adaptive topology optimization framework based on the integration of the photonic density of states over a frequency window for the TM polarization of light [see A. Bahulikar et al., arXiv:2411.09165 (2025)], we show that the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Haowen Wang, Haowen Wang, , , | Summary: In this paper, we address a key scientific problem in machine learning: Given a training set for an image classification task, can we train a generative model on this dataset to enhance the classification performance? (i.e., closed-set generative data […]
Kavli Affiliate: Long Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yun Wang, Yun Wang, , , | Summary: Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) excel at general video understanding but struggle with long-form videos due to context window limits. Consequently, recent approaches focus on keyframe retrieval, condensing lengthy videos into a small set of informative frames. Despite their […]
Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Ziyu Liu, Ziyu Liu, , , | Summary: Self-supervised learning (SSL) for multivariate time series mainly includes two paradigms: contrastive methods that excel at instance discrimination and generative approaches that model data distributions. While effective individually, their complementary potential remains unexplored. We propose a Contrastive Generative Time […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Zuocheng Zhang, Zuocheng Zhang, , , | Summary: We report Coulomb drag studies in an electron-hole bilayer graphene heterostructure in a magnetic field, where the orbital, spin, and valley degrees of freedom are lifted by the combined effects of exchange interaction, Zeeman energy, and vertical displacement field. […]