Characterisation of the axon initial segment and intrinsic excitability in the sub-acute phase post-ischemic stroke

Posted by dbos This Week: Neuroscience, UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: John Reynolds | Authors: Emily S King, Jamie L Beros, Hakuei Fujiyama, John N Reynolds and Alexander D Tang | Summary: Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and stroke-induced changes in cortical excitability are thought to impede functional recovery. Identifying cellular targets that contribute to maladaptive excitability holds great potential for […]


Continue.. Characterisation of the axon initial segment and intrinsic excitability in the sub-acute phase post-ischemic stroke

Mitochondria transported by Kinesin 3 prevent localized calcium spiking to inhibit caspase-dependent specialized cell death

Posted by dbos Rockefeller, This Week: Neuroscience

Kavli Affiliate: Shai Shaham | Authors: Rashna Sharmin, Aladin Elkhalil, Sara Pena, Pranya Gaddipati, Ginger Clark, Pavak K Shah, Mark W Pellegrino, Shai Shaham and Piya Ghose | Summary: Polarized cells (such as neurons), defined by distinct compartments are, like many cell types, subject to developmental elimination, as in neurite pruning. The molecular mechanism behind […]


Continue.. Mitochondria transported by Kinesin 3 prevent localized calcium spiking to inhibit caspase-dependent specialized cell death

Integration of Transplanted Interneurons Over a New Period of Ocular Dominance Plasticity in Adult Mouse Visual Cortex

Posted by dbos UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Andrea Hasenstaub, and Michael Stryker | Authors: Benjamin Rakela, Jennifer Sun, Philine Marchetta, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Andrea R Hasenstaub and Michael P Stryker | Summary: Cortical interneurons play an important role in mediating the juvenile critical period for ocular dominance plasticity in the mouse primary visual cortex. Previously, we showed that transplantation […]


Continue.. Integration of Transplanted Interneurons Over a New Period of Ocular Dominance Plasticity in Adult Mouse Visual Cortex

Distinct roles of cortical layer 5 subtypes in associative learning

Posted by dbos Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Rui Costa | Authors: Sara Moberg, Michele Garibbo, Camille Mazo, Ariel Gilad, Dietmar Schmitz, Rui Ponte Costa, Matthew E Larkum and Naoya Takahashi | Summary: Adaptive behavior is critically dependent on associative learning, where environmental cues are linked with subsequent positive or negative outcomes. In mammals, primary neocortical sensory areas serve as pivotal […]


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The spinal premotor network driving scratching flexor and extensor alternation

Posted by dbos UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Eiman Azim and Tatyana Sharpee | Authors: Mingchen Yao, Akira Nagamori, Eiman Azim, Tatyana Sharpee, Martyn Goulding, David Golomb and Graziana Gatto | Summary: Rhythmic motor behaviors are generated by neural networks termed central pattern generators (CPGs). Although locomotor CPGs have been extensively characterized, it remains unknown how the neuronal populations composing them […]


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WormID-Benchmark: Extracting Whole-Brain Neural Dynamics of C. elegans At the Neuron Resolution

Posted by dbos UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Saul Kato | Authors: Jason Adhinarta, Jizheng Dong, Tianxiao He, Daniel Sprague, JIa Wan, Hyun Jee Lee, Zikai Yu, Hang Lu, Eviatar Yemini, Saul Kato, Erdem Varol and Donglai Wei | Summary: The nematode C. elegans is a well-studied model organism for characterizing the structure, connectivity, and function of a complete nervous system. […]


Continue.. WormID-Benchmark: Extracting Whole-Brain Neural Dynamics of C. elegans At the Neuron Resolution

Control of tongue movements by the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum

Posted by dbos Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Reza Shadmehr | Authors: Paul Hage, Mohammad Amin Fakharian, Alden M. Shoup, Jay S Pi, Ehsan Sedaghat-Nejad, Simon P Orozco, In Kyu Jang, Vivian Looi, Toren Arginteanu and Reza Shadmehr | Summary: To quantify the cerebellum’s contributions to control of the tongue, we trained head-fixed marmosets to make dexterous movements, harvesting food from […]


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The superior colliculus gates dopamine responses to conditioned stimuli in visual classical conditioning

Posted by dbos UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: John Reynolds | Authors: Yan-Feng Zhang, Jean-Philippe Dufour, Peter Zatka-Haas, Peter Redgrave, Melony J Black, Armin Lak, Ed Mann, Stephanie J Cragg, Wickliffe Abraham and John NJ Reynolds | Summary: In classical Pavlovian conditioning, it is well-established that midbrain dopamine neurons respond to conditioned stimuli (CS) that predict a reward. However, how the […]


Continue.. The superior colliculus gates dopamine responses to conditioned stimuli in visual classical conditioning

Targeted stimulation of motor cortex neural ensembles drives learned movements

Posted by dbos UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Takaki Komiyama | Authors: An Wu, Qiyu Chen, Bin Yu, Soyoung Chae, Zijing Tan, Assaf Ramot and Takaki Komiyama | Summary: During the execution of learned motor skills, the neural population in the layer 2/3 (L2/3) of the primary motor cortex (M1) expresses a reproducible spatiotemporal activity pattern. It is debated whether M1 […]


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C. elegans LET-381/FoxF and DMD-4/DMRT control development of the mesodermal HMC endothelial cell

Posted by dbos Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Shai Shaham | Authors: Nikolaos Stefanakis, Jasmine Xi, Jessica Jiang and Shai Shaham | Summary: Endothelial cells form the inner layer of blood vessels and play key roles in circulatory system development and function. A variety of endothelial cell types have been described through gene expression and transcriptome studies; nonetheless, the transcriptional programs […]


Continue.. C. elegans LET-381/FoxF and DMD-4/DMRT control development of the mesodermal HMC endothelial cell