dbos – Page 2 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Determining the utility of ultrafast nonlinear contrast enhanced and super resolution ultrasound for imaging microcirculation in the human small intestine

Posted by dbos May 16, 2025May 19, 2025This Week: Theoretical Physics, UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Biao Huang | First 5 Authors: Clotilde Vié, Martina Tashkova, James Burn, Matthieu Toulemonde, Jipeng Yan | Summary: The regulation of intestinal blood flow is critical to gastrointestinal function. Imaging the intestinal mucosal micro-circulation in vivo has the potential to provide new insight into the gut physiology and pathophysiology. We aimed to determine […]

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Beyond real: Alternative unitary cluster Jastrow models for molecular electronic structure calculations on near-term quantum computers

Posted by dbos May 16, 2025May 19, 2025Berkeley, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Birgitta Whaley | First 5 Authors: Nikolay V. Tkachenko, Hang Ren, Wendy M. Billings, Rebecca Tomann, K. Birgitta Whaley | Summary: Near-term quantum devices require wavefunction ans"atze that are expressive while also of shallow circuit depth in order to both accurately and efficiently simulate molecular electronic structure. While unitary coupled cluster (e.g., UCCSD) […]

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FEMA-Long: Modeling unstructured covariances for discovery of time-dependent effects in large-scale longitudinal datasets

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025This Week: Neuroscience, UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Anders Dale and Wesley Thompson | Authors: Pravesh Parekh, Nadine Parker, Diliana Pecheva, Evgeniia Frei, Marc Vaudel, Diana M. Smith, Alison Rigby, Piotr Jahołkowski, Ida Elken Sønderby, Viktoria Birkenæs, Nora Refsum Bakken, Chun Chieh Fan, Carolina Makowski, Jakub Kopal, Robert John Loughnan, Donald J. Hagler, Jr., Dennis van der Meer, Stefan Johansson, Pål […]

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Frontoparietal functional dedifferentiation during naturalistic movie watching among older adults at risk of emotional vulnerability

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025NTNU, This Week: Neuroscience

Kavli Affiliate: Maryam Ziaei | Authors: Shuer Ye, Arjun Dave, Alireza Salami and Maryam Ziaei | Summary: Functional dedifferentiation, a hallmark of brain aging particularly evident within the frontoparietal network (FPN), has been extensively investigated in the context of cognitive decline, yet its implications for late-life mental health remain poorly understood. Leveraging naturalistic fMRI combined […]

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Neural Thermodynamic Laws for Large Language Model Training

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Ziming Liu, Yizhou Liu, Jeff Gore, Max Tegmark, | Summary: Beyond neural scaling laws, little is known about the laws underlying large language models (LLMs). We introduce Neural Thermodynamic Laws (NTL) — a new framework that offers fresh insights into LLM training dynamics. On the theoretical side, […]

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AGN star dynamics under the Influence of Outflow-Ambient Interactions

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang | First 5 Authors: Muxin Liu, Lile Wang, Peng Peng, , | Summary: Stars with outflows interacting with ambient gas experience accelerations arising from the gravitational feedback induced by the interaction structure. In this work, three-dimensional (3D) local shearing box simulations are performed to investigate the dynamical evolution of a star […]

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WeGA: Weakly-Supervised Global-Local Affinity Learning Framework for Lymph Node Metastasis Prediction in Rectal Cancer

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Feng Yuan | First 5 Authors: Yifan Gao, Yaoxian Dong, Wenbin Wu, Chaoyang Ge, Feng Yuan | Summary: Accurate lymph node metastasis (LNM) assessment in rectal cancer is essential for treatment planning, yet current MRI-based evaluation shows unsatisfactory accuracy, leading to suboptimal clinical decisions. Developing automated systems also faces significant obstacles, primarily the […]

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Interpretable Artificial Intelligence for Topological Photonics

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Ali Ghorashi, Sachin Vaidya, Ziming Liu, Charlotte Loh, Thomas Christensen | Summary: Topological photonic crystals (PhCs) offer robust, disorder-resistant modes engendered by nontrivial band symmetries, but designing PhCs with prescribed topological band properties remains a challenge due to the complexity involved in mapping the continuous real-space design […]

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Origin of the ring ellipticity in the black hole images of M87*

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: Rohan Dahale, Ilje Cho, Kotaro Moriyama, Kaj Wiik, Paul Tiede | Summary: We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced capabilities of […]

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Origin of the ring ellipticity in the black hole images of M87*

Posted by dbos May 15, 2025May 19, 2025Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Bradford A. Benson | First 5 Authors: Rohan Dahale, Ilje Cho, Kotaro Moriyama, Kaj Wiik, Paul Tiede | Summary: We investigate the origin of the elliptical ring structure observed in the images of the supermassive black hole M87*, aiming to disentangle contributions from gravitational, astrophysical, and imaging effects. Leveraging the enhanced capabilities of […]

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