The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems VIII: patchy forsterite and enstatite clouds in the atmosphere of VHS 1256 b, retrieval lessons learned and outlook to the future

Posted by klaurent Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Bruce Macintosh | Summary:JWST defines a new era for the data-driven approach of retrieval modelling, which has become a cornerstone tool for the statistical inference of exoplanetary and brown dwarf properties. The Early Release Science program #1386 observations of VHS 1256 b represent a huge jump in data quality, data quantity and spectral […]


Continue.. The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems VIII: patchy forsterite and enstatite clouds in the atmosphere of VHS 1256 b, retrieval lessons learned and outlook to the future

Temperature-tunable spin-wave refraction using superconducting control elements

Posted by klaurent Delft, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Toeno Van Der Sar | Summary:Spin waves are promising signal carriers for microwave control at the micrometer scale. However, realizing low-damping, tunable control of spin-wave propagation remains a central challenge. Here we use magnetic shielding by superconducting control elements to tune the local spin-wave dispersion and realize temperature-controlled refraction of spin waves in […]


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A Search for GeV Emission from Magnetar Giant Flare Candidates with Fermi-LAT

Posted by klaurent Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Nicola Omodei | Summary:The discovery of delayed GeV emission from the extragalactic magnetar giant flare (MGF) GRB 200415A, located in the nearby Sculptor galaxy, revealed for the first time that these rare transients can launch relativistic outflows that power high-energy afterglows. Motivated by the recent identification of additional nearby MGF candidates in the […]


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Theory of spin-wave transport in ferromagnet-superconductor heterostructures: Negative refraction, perfect imaging and temperature-controlled spin-wave optics

Posted by klaurent Delft, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Toeno Van Der Sar | Summary:We investigate spin-wave transport in ferromagnetic insulator-superconductor (FMI-SC) heterostructures and develop a general theoretical framework for spin-wave optics in these hybrid systems. We demonstrate that Meissner screening by the superconductor gives rise to a range of unconventional wave phenomena, including negative phase- and group-velocity refraction, and reflection and […]


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AT2021yky: A Fast-Rising Optical Transient with Evolving Broad Hydrogen Emission Consistent with an Ambiguous Nuclear Transient

Posted by klaurent Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Daniel R. Wilkins | Summary:Nuclear transients are powerful probes of supermassive black hole properties, offering insight into black hole mass, accretion physics, and the structure of galactic nuclei. Among these, a growing class of events cannot be classified as either tidal disruption events (TDEs) or active galactic nuclei (AGN) flares, and their physical […]


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Learning When to Trust via Selective Context Preference Optimization

Posted by klaurent Caltech, This Week: Nanoscience

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:Language models increasingly condition their answers on external signals, and a single misleading one can turn a correct answer wrong. The obvious remedy, training models to resist such signals, hides a failure mode: a model that ignores all context looks robust yet is useless when the context is worth trusting. We […]


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Tracing the Heart: An Evidence-Linked Pipeline for Heart-Failure Feature Engineering

Posted by klaurent Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Zeeshan Ahmed | Summary:Electronic health record (EHR) feature engineering is a major bottleneck in clinical research and AI, accounting for 39-45% of data scientists’ workload. This is especially pronounced in heart failure, which affects an estimated 6.7 million U.S. adults and requires integrating fragmented EHR data with disease-specific, guideline-based clinical reasoning. Existing rule-based […]


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AMSB in Truly Confining Gauge Theories

Posted by klaurent This Week: Astrophysics, Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | Summary:We study deformation of supersymmetric $t$-confining (truly confininig) gauge theories with small anomaly mediation of supersymmetry breaking. We identify breaking pattern of global symmetries in the theories. These results can be compared in priciple to lattice simulation of non-supersymmetric theories (except for one of the cases where the theory is […]


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Luminosity function of quasars at $1.0

Posted by klaurent Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Linhua Jiang | Summary:We present a study of the evolution of type 1 quasars at $1.0<z<3.5$, covering the peak epoch of quasar activity. The quasar evolution has been extensively explored by a variety of previous works and the derived quasar luminosity functions (QLFs) are not well consistent with each other, presumably due to […]


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Divergence-free interpolation of tangential vector fields via matrix-valued kernels

Posted by klaurent UCAS

Kavli Affiliate: Biao Huang | Summary:We develop and analyze a family of divergence-free kernel interpolation methods for tangential vector fields on the unit sphere. Starting from scalar radial kernels in Euclidean space, we construct tangent-valued, surface divergence-free matrix kernels without repeatedly applying surface differential operators. The construction separates the geometric enforcement of the divergence-free constraint […]


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