Instrumental-Motor Transfer: The Relative Value of Competing Movement Goals Modulates Implicit Motor Learning

Posted by dbos Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Vikram Chib | Authors: Naser Al-Fawakhiri, Vikram S. Chib and Samuel D. McDougle | Summary: Multiple learning signals can shape motor output, including reward and punishment (via value-based reinforcement learning) and sensorimotor error (via motor adaptation). However, it is unclear if action values, learned via reinforcement learning, interact with error-based motor learning. Here, […]


Continue.. Instrumental-Motor Transfer: The Relative Value of Competing Movement Goals Modulates Implicit Motor Learning

Dystrophic changes of nigrostriatal axons harboring a Synj1 Parkinson mutation suggest catastrophic failure of endocytic mechanisms

Posted by dbos Yale

Kavli Affiliate: Pietro De Camilli | Authors: Yumei Wu, Peng Xu, James Moran, C. Shan Xu, Kenneth J. Hayworth, Mian Cao, Lin Shao, D. James Surmeier, Harald F. Hess and Pietro De Camilli | Summary: Synaptojanin 1 is a brain enriched phosphoinositide phosphatase implicated in endocytosis at the synapse. A mutation (R258Q) that selectively impairs […]


Continue.. Dystrophic changes of nigrostriatal axons harboring a Synj1 Parkinson mutation suggest catastrophic failure of endocytic mechanisms

Ultramutagenesis through combined Msh2 depletion and proofreading-deficient DNA polymerase ε expression enhances small molecule target identification in forward genetic screens

Posted by dbos Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Min | Authors: Alexander-Hoi Nguyen, Vicky Li, Wei-Min Chen, Jacob Kimberg, Anthony J. Davis, David G. McFadden and Juan Manuel Povedano | Summary: DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency has been widely utilized in forward genetic screens to identify drug resistance mutations and elucidate the mechanisms of action of cytotoxic small molecules. However, […]


Continue.. Ultramutagenesis through combined Msh2 depletion and proofreading-deficient DNA polymerase ε expression enhances small molecule target identification in forward genetic screens

The SKA-VLBI Perspective on Radio-Quiet AGN

Posted by klaurent Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Claudio Ricci | Summary:The accretion-ejection mechanism in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) remains a central open problem in astrophysics, tied to the role of AGN feedback in galaxy formation and evolution. Radio-quiet AGN dominate the observed AGN population. Lacking luminous jets, their radio emission traces a rich set of processes spanning the host galaxy […]


Continue.. The SKA-VLBI Perspective on Radio-Quiet AGN

No evolution in the number density of little red dots from cosmic dawn to cosmic noon

Posted by klaurent Cambridge

Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:We present our search for little red dots (LRDs) in the "J1030 field", a region of the sky around the $zsim 6.3$ quasar SDSS J1030+0524, observed by the JWST EIGER program. Over 154 point-like sources selected in a JWST-based photometric catalog, we find five broad line emitters (with $FWHM gtrsim […]


Continue.. No evolution in the number density of little red dots from cosmic dawn to cosmic noon

ASTEP confirmation of a pair of long-period Jupiter-sized planets with extremely low densities transiting TOI-791

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | Summary:Gas giant planets with periods $20~<~P~<~300~rm days$ orbiting Sun-like stars are a relatively uncommon outcome of planetary formation, and key questions about the nature and formation of this sub-population remain unanswered. Theoretical models for the location of their formation (in- or ex-situ) and for their subsequent migration predict different outcomes […]


Continue.. ASTEP confirmation of a pair of long-period Jupiter-sized planets with extremely low densities transiting TOI-791

High-Redshift Signatures from the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization

Posted by klaurent Cambridge

Kavli Affiliate: George Efstathiou | Summary:In this chapter, we provide a comprehensive overview of the astrophysical and cosmological processes that shape the 21-cm signal during Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization. We investigate both standard and exotic signatures potentially observable with SKA-Low. Standard signatures are those expected within the $Λ$CDM framework, including contributions from […]


Continue.. High-Redshift Signatures from the Cosmic Dawn and the Epoch of Reionization

Modeling survey-window and integral-constraint effects on PNG in the galaxy power spectrum with light-cone mocks

Posted by klaurent Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Takada | Summary:We develop an analysis framework based on em light-cone galaxy mock catalogs constructed from linear theory simulations in order to accurately model the impact of primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) on galaxy power spectrum on large scales. These linear light-cone catalogs properly incorporate a variety of observational and cosmological effects, including the […]


Continue.. Modeling survey-window and integral-constraint effects on PNG in the galaxy power spectrum with light-cone mocks

A Novel Latent-Class Attack and its Detection by Class Subspace Orthogonalization

Posted by klaurent Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: David W. Miller | Summary:Deep learning, which in general relies on voluminous amounts of training data, is vulnerable to data poisoning attacks, including error-generic attacks and backdoors (Trojans). In this work, we propose a new data poisoning attack we dub a latent class attack. Here, all poisoned examples are from a class that […]


Continue.. A Novel Latent-Class Attack and its Detection by Class Subspace Orthogonalization

Striatal lateral inhibition regulates action selection in a mouse model of levodopa-induced dyskinesia

Posted by dbos UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Alexandra Nelson | Authors: Emily L Twedell, Chloe J Bair-Marshall, Allison E Girasole, Lara K Scaria, Sadhana Sridhar and Alexandra B Nelson | Summary: Striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) integrate convergent cortical, thalamic, and dopaminergic inputs to shape motor output. In addition, MSNs form local inhibitory synaptic connections with one another. The function […]


Continue.. Striatal lateral inhibition regulates action selection in a mouse model of levodopa-induced dyskinesia