Kavli Affiliate: Paul Schechter| First 5 Authors: Henrique Schechter Vera, Henrique Schechter Vera, , , | Summary:We introduce EmbeddingGemma, a new lightweight, open text embedding model based on the Gemma 3 language model family. Our innovative training recipe strategically captures knowledge from larger models via encoder-decoder initialization and geometric embedding distillation. We improve model robustness […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Huizhen Shu, Huizhen Shu, , , | Summary: Achieving robust safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) while preserving their utility remains a fundamental challenge. Existing approaches often struggle to balance comprehensive safety with fine-grained controllability at the representation level. We introduce LATENTGUARD, a novel three-stage framework […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gregory Herczeg | Summary:We re-evaluate the star formation history of the nearby Sco-Cen OB Association with a comprehensive analysis of Gaia XP spectra of more than 7,800 potential members. New spectral classifications are obtained by fitting individual XP spectra with templates derived from empirical spectra of young stars. Combining these spectral classifications in […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gregory J. Herczeg | First 5 Authors: Min Fang, Min Fang, , , | Summary: We re-evaluate the star formation history of the nearby Sco-Cen OB Association with a comprehensive analysis of Gaia XP spectra of more than 7,800 potential members. New spectral classifications are obtained by fitting individual XP spectra with templates […]
Kavli Affiliate: Peter Walter | Authors: Udit Dalwadi, Advait Subramanian, Aniliese Deal, Julia Conrad, Meera Venkatesh, Morgane Boone, Pascal Egea, Lingjie He, Nimit Jain, John D Lee, Yuwei Liu, Lucas Reineke, Kazuki Saito, Nathaniel Talledge, Hannah Toutkoushian, Maxence Le Vasseur, Francesca Zappa, Raoul de Groot, Diego Acosta-Alvear, Christopher Arthur, Jodi Nunnari, Mauro Costa-Mattioli, James Crawford, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi Masui | Summary:Baryonic feedback is a leading contaminant in studying dark matter and cosmology using cosmic shear. This has meant omitting much of the data during cosmological inference, or forward-modeling the spatial distribution of gas around dark matter halos using analytical or hydrodynamical models for baryonic feedback, which introduces nuisance parameters and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui | First 5 Authors: Calvin Leung, Calvin Leung, , , | Summary: Baryonic feedback is a leading contaminant in studying dark matter and cosmology using cosmic shear. This has meant omitting much of the data during cosmological inference, or forward-modeling the spatial distribution of gas around dark matter halos using […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | Summary:The birth of seeds of massive black holes (BHs) and nascent galaxies at cosmic dawn takes place in dense gaseous environments, which play a crucial role in shaping their coevolution and radiation spectra. We investigate gas accretion during the assembly of massive halos with $M_rm hgtrsim 10^10-11~M_odot$ at redshifts $zsimeq […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jie Shan | First 5 Authors: Zhongdong Han, Zhongdong Han, , , | Summary: Quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHIs) and excitonic insulators (EIs) are prototypical topological and correlated states of matter, respectively. The topological phase transition between the two has attracted much theoretical interest but experimental studies have been hindered by the availability […]
Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Bingnan Li, Bingnan Li, , , | Summary: Despite steady progress in layout-to-image generation, current methods still struggle with layouts containing significant overlap between bounding boxes. We identify two primary challenges: (1) large overlapping regions and (2) overlapping instances with minimal semantic distinction. Through both qualitative examples […]