Extracting Multimodal Learngene in CLIP: Unveiling the Multimodal Generalizable Knowledge

Posted by dbos Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Ruiming Chen, Junming Yang, Shiyu Xia, Xu Yang, Jing Wang | Summary: CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training) has attracted widespread attention for its multimodal generalizable knowledge, which is significant for downstream tasks. However, the computational overhead of a large number of parameters and large-scale pre-training poses challenges of […]


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XHEMTs on Ultrawide Bandgap Single-Crystal AlN Substrates

Posted by klaurent Cornell

Kavli Affiliate: Grace Xing | First 5 Authors: Eungkyun Kim, Eungkyun Kim, , , | Summary: AlN has the largest bandgap in the wurtzite III-nitride semiconductor family, making it an ideal barrier for a thin GaN channel to achieve strong carrier confinement in field-effect transistors, analogous to silicon-on-insulator technology. Unlike SiO$_2$/Si/SiO$_2$, AlN/GaN/AlN can be grown […]


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Disentangling Metallicity Effects in Hot Jupiter Occurrence Across Galactic Birth Radius and Phase-Space Density

Posted by dbos MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | First 5 Authors: Rayna Rampalli, Melissa K. Ness, Elisabeth R. Newton, Andrew Vanderburg, Tobias Buck | Summary: We explore how the correlation between host star metallicity and giant planets shapes hot Jupiter occurrence as a function of Galactic birth radius (rbirth) and phase-space density in the Milky Way disk. Using […]


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A genetic driver of epileptic encephalopathy impairs gating of synaptic glycolysis

Posted by dbos Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Timothy A. Ryan | Authors: Zhanat Koshenov, Alexandros C. Kokotos, Lorena Benedetti, Jennifer Lippincott Schwartz and Timothy A. Ryan | Summary: The brain is a disproportionately large consumer of fuel, estimated to expend ∼20% of the whole-body energy budget, and therefore it is critical to adequately control brain fuel expenditures while satisfying its […]


Continue.. A genetic driver of epileptic encephalopathy impairs gating of synaptic glycolysis

A Bimodal Metallicity Distribution Function in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Reticulum II

Posted by klaurent MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Anna Frebel | First 5 Authors: Alice M. Luna, Alice M. Luna, , , | Summary: Star formation in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs, $M_* <10^5M_odot$) is suppressed by reionization, but may not be completely quenched. The metallicity distribution function (MDF) of stars in ultra-faint dwarf galaxies could show these signatures of reionization. However, […]


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Cosmic-ray and Interstellar Gas Properties in the Solar Neighborhood Revealed by Diffuse Gamma Rays

Posted by dbos Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Igor V. Moskalenko | First 5 Authors: Tsunefumi Mizuno, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hinako Ochi, Igor V. Moskalenko, Elena Orlando | Summary: To investigate the interstellar medium (ISM) and Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) in the solar neighborhood, we analyzed ${gamma}$-ray data by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) for five nearby molecular cloud regions. Our data […]


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Background Measurements and Simulations of the ComPair Balloon Flight

Posted by dbos Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Sven Herrmann | First 5 Authors: Zachary Metzler, Nicholas Kirschner, Lucas Smith, Nicholas Cannady, Makoto Sasaki | Summary: ComPair, a prototype of the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory (AMEGO), completed a short-duration high-altitude balloon campaign on August 27, 2023 from Fort Sumner, New Mexico, USA. The goal of the balloon flight was the […]


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Optimized cerebral blood flow measurement in speckle contrast optical spectroscopy via refinement of noise calibration

Posted by dbos Caltech

Kavli Affiliate: Changhuei Yang | First 5 Authors: Ninghe Liu, Yu Xi Huang, Simon Mahler, Changhuei Yang, | Summary: Speckle contrast optical spectroscopy (SCOS) offers a non-invasive and cost-effective method for monitoring cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, extracting accurate CBF from SCOS necessitates precise noise pre-calibration. Errors from this can degrade CBF measurement fidelity, particularly […]


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Observing Leptogenesis in Action with Gravitational Waves

Posted by dbos Tokyo

Kavli Affiliate: Hitoshi Murayama | First 5 Authors: Hitoshi Murayama, Bea Noether, Jan Schütte-Engel, , | Summary: Leptogenesis is arguably the best motivated theory of baryogenesis given the discovery of finite neutrino masses, yet its experimental test is elusive given its high energy scale. We discuss gravitational waves (GWs) produced via graviton bremsstrahlung in right-handed […]


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Dense SAE Latents Are Features, Not Bugs

Posted by dbos MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Xiaoqing Sun, Alessandro Stolfo, Joshua Engels, Ben Wu, Senthooran Rajamanoharan | Summary: Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are designed to extract interpretable features from language models by enforcing a sparsity constraint. Ideally, training an SAE would yield latents that are both sparse and semantically meaningful. However, many SAE latents […]


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