Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wise | First 5 Authors: Noah B. Frank, Noah B. Frank, , , | Summary: Simulations of chaotic systems can only produce high-fidelity trajectories when the initial and boundary conditions are well specified. When these conditions are unknown but measurements are available, adjoint-variational state estimation can reconstruct a trajectory that is consistent […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kyle Shen | First 5 Authors: Kaiwen Xue, Kaiwen Xue, , , | Summary: Human-defined creativity is highly abstract, posing a challenge for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to comprehend and assess creativity that aligns with human judgments. The absence of an existing benchmark further exacerbates this dilemma. To this end, we propose […]
Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wise | First 5 Authors: Rajesh Karmakar, Rajesh Karmakar, , , | Summary: We seek to design novel multiple testing procedures, which take into account a relevant notion of ”power” or true discovery on the one hand, and allow computationally efficient test design and application on the other. Towards this end we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Austin Minnich | First 5 Authors: Anthony J. Ardizzi, Anthony J. Ardizzi, , , | Summary: Low-noise cryogenic microwave amplifiers are widely used in applications such as radio astronomy and quantum computing. On-wafer noise characterization of cryogenic low-noise transistors is desirable because it facilitates more rapid characterization of devices prior to packaging, but […]
Kavli Affiliate: Frank Wise | First 5 Authors: Kesi Xu, Kesi Xu, , , | Summary: Accurate nuclei detection and classification are fundamental to computational pathology, yet existing approaches are hindered by reliance on detailed expert annotations and insufficient use of tissue context. We present Tissue-Aware Nuclei Detection (TAND), a novel framework achieving joint nuclei […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhiting Tian | First 5 Authors: James Tian, James Tian, , , | Summary: We study how iterated and composed completely positive maps act on operator-valued kernels. Each kernel is realized inside a single Hilbert space where composition corresponds to applying bounded creation operators to feature vectors. This model yields a direct formula […]
Kavli Affiliate: Daniel Ralph | First 5 Authors: Danielle A. Berg, Danielle A. Berg, , , | Summary: We present the discovery of extreme nitrogen enrichment by Wolf Rayet nitrogen stars (WN) in the metal-poor ($sim10%Z_odot$), lensed, compact ($R_rm effsim20$ pc) galaxy RXCJ2248 at $z=6.1$, revealed by unprecedentedly deep JWST/NIRSpec medium-resolution spectroscopy from the GLIMPSE-D […]
Kavli Affiliate: Grace Xing | First 5 Authors: Hao Wang, Hao Wang, , , | Summary: Text-to-SQL datasets are essential for training and evaluating text-to-SQL models, but existing datasets often suffer from limited coverage and fail to capture the diversity of real-world applications. To address this, we propose a novel taxonomy for text-to-SQL classification based […]
Kavli Affiliate: Daniel Ralph | First 5 Authors: Daniel Almeida, Daniel Almeida, , , | Summary: This is the first of a pair of papers where we construct and investigate a closed monoidal structure on the category of generalized algebraic theories (in the sense of Cartmell). In the present text, as a starting point, we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Harry A. Atwater | First 5 Authors: Md. Iqbal Hossain, Md. Iqbal Hossain, , , | Summary: The advent of multimodal deep learning models, such as CLIP, has unlocked new frontiers in a wide range of applications, from image-text understanding to classification tasks. However, these models are not safe for adversarial attacks, particularly […]