Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:AI-assisted research is crossing a threshold: fully automated systems can now generate research papers for as little as $15, while long-horizon agents can execute experiments, draft manuscripts, and simulate critique with minimal human input. Yet this productivity frontier exposes a deeper integrity problem: under scientific pressure, even frontier LLMs still fabricate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:AI-assisted research is crossing a threshold: fully automated systems can now generate research papers for as little as $15, while long-horizon agents can execute experiments, draft manuscripts, and simulate critique with minimal human input. Yet this productivity frontier exposes a deeper integrity problem: under scientific pressure, even frontier LLMs still fabricate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly needed for interactive mobile applications, but high-quality models exceed the limited DRAM available on smartphones. Flash storage can hold larger models, yet flash-backed inference is slow because autoregressive decoding repeatedly invokes the target model and incurs costly I/O. We observe that speculative decoding is a […]
Kavli Affiliate: David Muller | Summary:Robust state estimation for highly dynamic motion of legged robots remains challenging, especially in dynamic, contact-rich scenarios. Traditional approaches often rely on binary contact states that fail to capture the nuances of partial contact or directional slippage. This paper presents CoCo-InEKF, a differentiable invariant extended Kalman filter that utilizes continuous […]
Kavli Affiliate: Joel Moore | Summary:Periodically driven quantum many-body systems can spontaneously break discrete time-translation symmetry, realizing discrete time crystals. To date, both experimental and theoretical efforts have largely focused on the simplest case of spontaneous period-doubling in $mathbbZ_2$ discrete time crystals realized with qubits. This owes, in part, to the challenge of stabilizing eigenstate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Michael Crommie | Summary:We directly visualize a two-dimensional anisotropic Wigner crystal and its quantum melting in monolayer 1T-ReSe2 using non-invasive scanning tunnelling microscopy. In crystals with anisotropic effective mass, an electron’s quantum wavefunction becomes elongated along the light-mass direction to reduce kinetic energy. At low electron density, such anisotropic electrons are predicted to […]
Kavli Affiliate: James Analytis| Summary:Control of light polarization and propagation in sub-wavelength architectures is foundational to nanophotonic technologies. A frontier direction is to leverage strong optical spin-orbit interactions to realize polarization-selective light steering, known as the photonic spin Hall effect. In this context, hyperbolic plasmon polaritons (HPPs) are of particular interest as they offer large […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zameel Cader | Authors: Xuewei Qi, Alessandra Granata, Tom Van Agtmael, Sanjay Sinha, Zameel Cader, Hugh S Markus, Stuart M. Allan, Karen Horsburgh and Tao Wang | Summary: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a major contributor to stroke and cognitive decline, ultimately leading to vascular dementia (VaD). Genetic factors play a key […]
Kavli Affiliate: Herre Van Der Zant | Summary:Achieving magnon-photon hybridization in the microwave regime is essential for integrating magnetic excitations with superconducting circuits. While this has been extensively demonstrated in bulk magnetic systems, realizing it in two-dimensional van der Waals materials remains challenging due to their reduced magnetic volume and increased dissipation. Here, magnon-photon hybridization […]
Kavli Affiliate: Paul D. Asimow | Summary:Iron disproportionation reactions in mantle silicates can produce metallic iron that drives Earth’s deep mantle toward metal saturation under reduced conditions. Subducting slabs transport hydrated silicates to these depths, where interactions with metallic iron can reduce structurally bound hydrogen in silicates to reduced hydrogen-bearing phases, such as molecular hydrogen […]