Kavli Affiliate: Michael Turner | Summary:Axial algebras of Monster type are a class of commutative algebras generated by special idempotents called axes. Some motivating examples of these algebras are the Griess algebra and the Norton-Sakuma algebras, relating to the Monster simple group. A long standing open problem is to classify the 2-generated axial algebras of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:AI-assisted research is crossing a threshold: fully automated systems can now generate research papers for as little as $15, while long-horizon agents can execute experiments, draft manuscripts, and simulate critique with minimal human input. Yet this productivity frontier exposes a deeper integrity problem: under scientific pressure, even frontier LLMs still fabricate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Blake Sherwin | Summary:We present a new method for fast computation of the realization-dependent bias, a major computational bottleneck in measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing power spectrum. The method accelerates the bias calculation by differencing two correlated estimates: one based on fully realistic masked simulations and the other on isotropic […]
Kavli Affiliate: Claudio Ricci | Summary:Red quasars (rQSOs) have been recognized as a short-lived, early stage in the evolutionary cycle of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), with fundamental differences in their intrinsic properties compared to blue quasars (bQSOs). In this work, we present the first large X-ray sample of 380 rQSOs, selected from the eROSITA/SDSS-V collaboration, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nergis Mavalvala | Summary:Heterogeneous integration of gain and strongly nonlinear materials with ultra-low-loss silicon nitride (SiN) photonics offers a route to scalable quantum circuits, but concurrent wafer-scale manufacturability, low interlayer loss, and high performance have been challenging to realize. Here we demonstrate a wafer-scale III-V-on-SiN quantum photonic platform that directly integrates III-V layers […]
Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Crawford | Summary:While providing a highly accurate framework for simulating laser-induced many-electron dynamics in atom and molecules, including linear and nonlinear steady-state and transient absorption spectra, time-dependent coupled-cluster theory does not offer a straightforward interpretation in chemical terms. This should be contrasted with conventional time-independent equation-of-motion coupled-cluster or frequency-dependent response models where […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nicola Allen | Authors: Krissy A Lyon, Adrien Paumier, Ananya Kandikonda, Andrea Melendez and Nicola J Allen | Summary: Astrocytes support neuronal function during development through secreted proteins, yet how astrocyte-secreted cues are altered in disease states and contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders remains poorly defined. Rett syndrome (RTT) is a regressive neurodevelopmental disorder […]
Kavli Affiliate: Justus M Kebschull | Authors: Huihui Qi, Manjari M-G Anant, Dylan Z Faltine-Gonzalez, Ruitao Hu, Lai Wei, Christopher D Workman, Caleb Shi, Ishbel Del Rosario and Justus M Kebschull | Summary: Understanding cellular identity requires multimodal measurements in single cells. Cellular barcoding provides powerful tools for recording the properties or history of individual […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly needed for interactive mobile applications, but high-quality models exceed the limited DRAM available on smartphones. Flash storage can hold larger models, yet flash-backed inference is slow because autoregressive decoding repeatedly invokes the target model and incurs costly I/O. We observe that speculative decoding is a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lee McCuller | Summary:New experiments are being developed without the background of quantum shot noise to look for weak, high-frequency signals using Michelson interferometers. Since shot noise is no longer the dominant noise source with these readout schemes, it is important to accurately model thermal noise to characterize signals and design more sensitive […]