Effectiveness of Digital Dispersion Compensation in OCT

Kavli Affiliate: Xingde Li | Authors: Fengquan Liu and Xingde Li | Summary: Dispersion mismatch in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is typically addressed through either physical or digital compensation. In this study, we investigate the impact of dispersion on OCT detection sensitivity and compare the effectiveness of physical and digital compensation across varying degrees of […]


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Chronic hyperactivation of midbrain dopamine neurons causes preferential dopamine neuron degeneration

Kavli Affiliate: Alexandra Nelson and Anatol Kreitzer | Authors: Katerina L Rademacher, Zak Doric, Dominik Haddad, Aphroditi Mamaligas, Szu-Chi Liao, Rose Creed, Kohei Kano, Zac Chatterton, Yuhong Fu, Joseph H Garcia, Victoria Vance, Yoshitaka Sei, Anatol Kreitzer, Glenda Halliday, Alexandra Nelson, Elyssa Margolis and Ken L Nakamura | Summary: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by […]


Continue.. Chronic hyperactivation of midbrain dopamine neurons causes preferential dopamine neuron degeneration

Differential glutamatergic and GABAergic responses drive divergent prefrontal cortex neural outcomes to low and high frequency stimulation

Kavli Affiliate: Jyoti Mishra and Dhakshin Ramanathan | Authors: Morteza Salimi, Milad Nazari, Jonathan Mishler, Mishra Jyoti and Dhakshin Ramanathan | Summary: Background Repetitive brain stimulation is hypothesized to bidirectionally modulate excitability, with low-frequency trains decreasing and high-frequency (>5 Hz) trains increasing activity. Most insights on the neuroplastic effects of repetitive stimulation protocols stem from […]


Continue.. Differential glutamatergic and GABAergic responses drive divergent prefrontal cortex neural outcomes to low and high frequency stimulation

Neural representation of action symbols in primate frontal cortex

Kavli Affiliate: Winrich Freiwald | Authors: Lucas Y Tian, Kedar U Garzón, Adam G Rouse, Mark AG Eldridge, Marc H Schieber, Xiao-Jing Wang, Joshua B Tenenbaum and Winrich A Freiwald | Summary: At the core of intelligence is proficiency in solving new problems, including those that differ dramatically from problems seen before. Problem-solving, in turn, […]


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Visualizing the breakdown of the quantum anomalous Hall effect

Kavli Affiliate: Katja C. Nowack | First 5 Authors: George M. Ferguson, Run Xiao, Anthony R. Richardella, Austin Kaczmarek, Nitin Samarth | Summary: The creation of topologically non-trivial matter across electronic, mechanical, cold-atom, and photonic platforms is advancing rapidly, yet understanding the breakdown of topological protection remains a major challenge. In this work, we use […]


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Add-One-In: Incremental Sample Selection for Large Language Models via a Choice-Based Greedy Paradigm

Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Zhuo Li, Yuhao Du, Xiaoqi Jiao, Yiwen Guo, Yuege Feng | Summary: Selecting high-quality and diverse training samples from extensive datasets plays a crucial role in reducing training overhead and enhancing the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing studies fall short in assessing the overall […]


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A Hybrid CNN-Transformer Model for Heart Disease Prediction Using Life History Data

Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Ran Hao, Yanlin Xiang, Junliang Du, Qingyuan He, Jiacheng Hu | Summary: This study proposed a hybrid model of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a Transformer to predict and diagnose heart disease. Based on CNN’s strength in detecting local features and the Transformer’s high capacity in […]


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Portable transcranial therapeutic ultrasound enhances targeted gene delivery for Parkinson’s disease: from rodent models to non-human primates

Kavli Affiliate: Vincent Ferrera | Authors: Alec J. Batts, Robin Ji, Sua Bae, Fotios N. Tsitsos, Sergio Jiménez-Gambín, Nancy Kwon, Samantha L. Gorman, Deny Tsakri, Rebecca L. Noel, Jonas Bendig, Daniella A. Jimenez, Melody DiBenedetto, Sofia A. Del Castillo, Filimon B. Keleta, James Caicedo, Alexander Romanov, Colleen T. Curley, Yulia Dzhashiashvili, Greglynn D. Walton-Gibbs, Bradley […]


Continue.. Portable transcranial therapeutic ultrasound enhances targeted gene delivery for Parkinson’s disease: from rodent models to non-human primates

The Stochastic Siren: Astrophysical Gravitational-Wave Background Measurements of the Hubble Constant

Kavli Affiliate: Daniel E. Holz | First 5 Authors: Bryce Cousins, Kristen Schumacher, Adrian Ka-Wai Chung, Colm Talbot, Thomas Callister | Summary: Gravitational waves from individually resolved compact object mergers can be used as standard sirens, offering a novel self-calibrating precision probe of cosmology. While the standard siren method has been well-explored, the gravitational-wave background […]


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No [CII] or dust detection in two Little Red Dots at z$_{rm spec}$ > 7

Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | First 5 Authors: Mengyuan Xiao, Pascal A. Oesch, Longji Bing, David Elbaz, Jorryt Matthee | Summary: Little Red Dots (LRDs) are compact, point-like sources characterized by their red color and broad Balmer lines, which have been debated to be either dominated by active galactic nuclei (AGN) or dusty star-forming galaxies […]


Continue.. No [CII] or dust detection in two Little Red Dots at z$_{rm spec}$ > 7