Astrophysics – Page 2 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Towards Realistic Detection Pipelines of Taiji: New Challenges in Data Analysis and High-Fidelity Simulations of Space-Borne Gravitational Wave Antenna

Posted by dbos May 22, 2025May 28, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Xian Chen | First 5 Authors: Minghui Du, Pengcheng Wang, Ziren Luo, Wen-Biao Han, Xin Zhang | Summary: Taiji, a Chinese space-based gravitational wave detection project, aims to explore the millihertz gravitational wave universe with unprecedented sensitivity, targeting astrophysical and cosmological sources including Galactic binaries, massive black hole binaries, extreme mass-ratio inspirals, and […]

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NIRCam yells at cloud: JWST MIRI imaging can directly detect exoplanets of the same temperature, mass, age, and orbital separation as Saturn and Jupiter

Posted by dbos May 21, 2025May 28, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Andrew Vanderburg | First 5 Authors: Rachel Bowens-Rubin, James Mang, Mary Anne Limbach, Aarynn L. Carter, Kevin B. Stevenson | Summary: NIRCam and MIRI coronagraphy have successfully demonstrated the ability to directly image young sub-Jupiter mass and mature gas-giant exoplanets. However, these modes struggle to reach the sensitivities needed to find the population […]

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On the creation of narrow AI: hierarchy and nonlocality of neural network skills

Posted by dbos May 21, 2025May 28, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Eric J. Michaud, Asher Parker-Sartori, Max Tegmark, , | Summary: We study the problem of creating strong, yet narrow, AI systems. While recent AI progress has been driven by the training of large general-purpose foundation models, the creation of smaller models specialized for narrow domains could be […]

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Sequential Interval Passing for Compressed Sensing

Posted by dbos May 20, 2025May 28, 2025Chicago, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Salman Habib | First 5 Authors: Salman Habib, Remi Chou, Taejoon Kim, , | Summary: The reconstruction of sparse signals from a limited set of measurements poses a significant challenge as it necessitates a solution to an underdetermined system of linear equations. Compressed sensing (CS) deals with sparse signal reconstruction using techniques such […]

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The Long Road to Alignment: Measuring Black Hole Spin Orientation with Expanding Gravitational-Wave Datasets

Posted by dbos May 20, 2025May 28, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Salvatore Vitale | First 5 Authors: Salvatore Vitale, Matthew Mould, , , | Summary: Measuring the distribution of spin tilts-the angles between the spin vectors and the binary orbital angular momentum-in stellar-mass binary black holes detected by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA would provide valuable insight into their astrophysical origins. Analyses of the 69 binary black holes […]

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First Identification and Precise Spectral Measurement of the Proton Component in the Cosmic-Ray `Knee’

Posted by dbos May 20, 2025May 28, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: The LHAASO Collaboration, Zhen Cao, , , | Summary: We report the first high-purity identification of cosmic-ray (CR) protons and a precise measurement of their energy spectrum from 0.15 to 12 PeV using the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO). Abundant event statistics, combined with the […]

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Mass of Cepheid V350 Sgr Incorporating Interferometry and the Companion Mass

Posted by dbos May 19, 2025May 28, 2025MIT, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Moritz Guenther | First 5 Authors: Nancy Remage Evans, Alexandre Gallenne, Pierre Kervella, H. Moritz Guenther, Joanna Kuraszkiewicz | Summary: The system V350 Sgr has a classical Cepheid for the primary. Interferometry is presented for the system and the full orbit is determined. The mass of the companion has been determined from an […]

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Origin of the X-ray emission in blazars through multiwavelength polarization

Posted by dbos May 19, 2025May 28, 2025Stanford, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Roger W. Romani | First 5 Authors: Ioannis Liodakis, Haocheng Zhang, Stella Boula, Riccardo Middei, Jorge Otero-Santos | Summary: The origin of the high-energy emission in astrophysical jets from black holes is a highly debated issue. This is particularly true for jets from supermassive black holes that are among the most powerful particle […]

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ALMA observation of evolving magnetized corona in the radio-quiet changing-state AGN NGC 1566

Posted by dbos May 19, 2025May 28, 2025Peking, This Week: Astrophysics

Kavli Affiliate: Claudio Ricci | First 5 Authors: Arghajit Jana, Claudio Ricci, Sophie M. Venselaar, Chin-Shin Chang, Mai Liao | Summary: The origin of compact millimeter (mm) continuum emission from radio-quiet AGNs (RQAGNs) is still not fully understood. Changing-state AGNs (CSAGNs) display rapid and strong variability, which can allow us to investigate the origin of […]

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Connecting JWST discovered N/O-enhanced galaxies to globular clusters: Evidence from chemical imprints

Posted by May 18, 2025Chicago

Kavli Affiliate: Andrey Kravtsov | First 5 Authors: Xihan Ji, Vasily Belokurov, Roberto Maiolino, Stephanie Monty, Yuki Isobe | Summary: Recent JWST observations have revealed a growing population of galaxies at $z>4$ with elevated nitrogen-to-oxygen ratios. These "N/O-enhanced" galaxies (NOEGs) exhibit near- to super-solar N/O at sub-solar O/H, clearly deviating from the well-established scaling relation […]

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