Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Niklas Stoehr, Pengxiang Cheng, Jing Wang, Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro, Rajarshi Bhowmik | Summary: Language models contain ranking-based knowledge and are powerful solvers of in-context ranking tasks. For instance, they may have parametric knowledge about the ordering of countries by size or may be able to rank reviews by […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Enrico Garaldi, Rahul Kannan, Aaron Smith, Josh Borrow, Mark Vogelsberger | Summary: Cosmological simulations serve as invaluable tools for understanding the Universe. However, the technical complexity and substantial computational resources required to generate such simulations often limit their accessibility within the broader research community. Notable exceptions exist, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Saul Rappaport | First 5 Authors: Luke G. Bouma, Rahul Jayaraman, Saul Rappaport, Luisa M. Rebull, Lynne A. Hillenbrand | Summary: Complex periodic variables (CPVs) are stars that exhibit highly structured and periodic optical light curves. Previous studies have indicated that these stars are typically disk-free pre-main-sequence M dwarfs with rotation periods ranging […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jia Liu | First 5 Authors: Moyan Li, Jinmiao Fu, Shaoyuan Xu, Huidong Liu, Jia Liu | Summary: On shopping websites, product images of low quality negatively affect customer experience. Although there are plenty of work in detecting images with different defects, few efforts have been dedicated to correct those defects at scale. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Shunsaku Horiuchi | First 5 Authors: Garv Chauhan, Shunsaku Horiuchi, Patrick Huber, Ian M. Shoemaker, | Summary: Sterile neutrinos can be produced through mixing with active neutrinos in the hot and dense core of a core-collapse supernova (SN). The standard bounds on the active-sterile mixing ($sin^2 theta$) from SN arise from SN1987A energy-loss, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: Boris S. Kalita, John D. Silverman, Emanuele Daddi, Connor Bottrell, Luis C. Ho | Summary: A key question in galaxy evolution has been the importance of the apparent `clumpiness’ of high redshift galaxies. Until now, this property has been primarily investigated in rest-frame UV, limiting our […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Eleonora Parlanti, Stefano Carniani, Hannah Übler, Giacomo Venturi, Francesco D’Eugenio | Summary: Dust-obscured galaxies are thought to represent an early evolutionary phase of massive galaxies in which the active galactic nucleus (AGN) is still deeply buried in significant amounts of dusty material and its emission is strongly […]
Kavli Affiliate: Robert A. Simcoe | First 5 Authors: Hsiao-Wen Chen, Zhijie Qu, Michael Rauch, Mandy C. Chen, Fakhri S. Zahedy | Summary: This paper reports the first measurement of the relationship between turbulent velocity and cloud size in the diffuse circumgalactic medium (CGM) in typical galaxy halos at redshift z~0.4-1. Through spectrally-resolved absorption profiles […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Hoang Nhan Luu, Philip Mocz, Mark Vogelsberger, Simon May, Josh Borrow | Summary: Dark matter as scalar particles consisting of multiple species is well motivated in string theory where axion fields are ubiquitous. A two-field fuzzy dark matter (FDM) model features two species of ultralight axion particles […]
Kavli Affiliate: Richard Kessler | First 5 Authors: Brodie Popovic, Daniel Scolnic, Maria Vincenzi, Mark Sullivan, Dillon Brout | Summary: Future constraints of cosmological parameters from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) will depend on the use of photometric samples, those samples without spectroscopic measurements of the SNe Ia. There is a growing number of analyses […]