Kavli Affiliate: Ran Wang | First 5 Authors: Xiangyu Han, Xiangyu Han, , , | Summary: In this paper, by proposing two new kinds of distributional uncertainty sets, we explore robustness of distortion risk measures against distributional uncertainty. To be precise, we first consider a distributional uncertainty set which is characterized solely by a ball […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ran Wang | First 5 Authors: Brian Shing-Hei Wong, Brian Shing-Hei Wong, , , | Summary: Allergens, typically proteins capable of triggering adverse immune responses, represent a significant public health challenge. To accurately identify allergen proteins, we introduce Applm (Allergen Prediction with Protein Language Models), a computational framework that leverages the 100-billion parameter […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Huizhen Shu, Huizhen Shu, , , | Summary: With the rapid proliferation of Natural Language Processing (NLP), especially Large Language Models (LLMs), generating adversarial examples to jailbreak LLMs remains a key challenge for understanding model vulnerabilities and improving robustness. In this context, we propose a new black-box […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Wei Gao, Wei Gao, , , | Summary: Conventionally, human intuition often defines vision as a modality of passive optical sensing, while active optical sensing is typically regarded as measuring rather than the default modality of vision. However, the situation now changes: sensor technologies and data-driven paradigms […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: While ride-hailing services offer increased travel flexibility and convenience, persistent nighttime safety concerns significantly reduce women’s willingness to use them. Existing research often treats women as a homogeneous group, neglecting the heterogeneity in their decision-making processes. To address this gap, this […]
Kavli Affiliate: Eric D. Siggia | Authors: Dillon J. Cislo, M Joaquina Delás, James Briscoe and Eric D. Siggia | Summary: The development of a zygote into a functional organism requires that this single progenitor cell gives rise to numerous distinct cell types. Attempts to exhaustively tabulate the interactions within developmental signaling networks that coordinate […]
Kavli Affiliate: Paul D. Asimow | First 5 Authors: K. Marshall Seaton, K. Marshall Seaton, , , | Summary: The Europa Clipper mission will arrive at the Jovian system in 2030 and analyze ice grains sourced from the icy material on its surface using impact mass spectrometry, which will provide key constraints on Europa’s chemical […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | First 5 Authors: Lijing Shao, Lijing Shao, , , | Summary: Searching for radio pulsars orbiting around the Galactic centre black hole (BH), Sagittarius A$^star$ (Sgr A$^star$), represents a holy grail goal for large-area radio telescopes, in particular for the Square Kilometre Array. Follow-up timing observation of such a PSR-Sgr […]
Kavli Affiliate: Salman Habib | First 5 Authors: Nesar Ramachandra, Nesar Ramachandra, , , | Summary: Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized text processing, yet adapting Transformer-based neural networks to non-textual scientific modalities typically requires specialized architectures and extensive computational resources. We demonstrate that LLaMA-3.1-8B can be efficiently repurposed to predict galaxy redshifts from […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Sukhad Dnyanesh Joshi, Sukhad Dnyanesh Joshi, , , | Summary: Leveraging our structure-adaptive topology optimization framework based on the integration of the photonic density of states over a frequency window for the TM polarization of light [see A. Bahulikar et al., arXiv:2411.09165 (2025)], we show that the […]