Kavli Affiliate: Robert A. Simcoe | First 5 Authors: Anna-Christina Eilers, Anna-Christina Eilers, , , | Summary: Ultra-violet (UV) radiation from accreting black holes ionizes the intergalactic gas around early quasars, carving out highly ionized bubbles in their surroundings. Any changes in a quasar’s luminosity are therefore predicted to produce outward-propagating ionization gradients, affecting the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: TRAPPIST-1 e is one of the very few rocky exoplanets that is both amenable to atmospheric characterization and that resides in the habitable zone of its star — located at a distance from its star such that it might, with the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Sara Seager | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: The TRAPPIST-1 system offers one of the best opportunities to characterize temperate terrestrial planets beyond our own solar system. Within the TRAPPIST-1 system, planet e stands out as highly likely to sustain surface liquid water if it possesses an atmosphere. Recently, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Subo Dong | First 5 Authors: Zexuan Wu, Zexuan Wu, , , | Summary: The forthcoming GRAVITY+ instrument promises to usher in an era of "industrial-scale" mass measurements of isolated black holes (BHs), with the potential to assemble a sample of many tens of BHs via interferometric microlensing over several years. A key […]
Kavli Affiliate: Seth Shipman | Authors: Linhan Wang, Nikolaos Poulis, Deepak Srivastava and Seth Shipman | Summary: Genetically encoded DNA recorders convert transient biological events into stable genomic mutations, offering a means to reconstruct past cellular states. However, current approaches to log historical events by modifying genomic DNA have limited capacity to record the magnitude […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui | First 5 Authors: Alexandra M. Moroianu, Alexandra M. Moroianu, , , | Summary: We report the milliarcsecond localization of a high (1379 pc/cc) dispersion measure (DM) repeating fast radio burst, FRB 20190417A. Combining European VLBI Network detections of five repeat bursts, we confirm the FRB’s host to be a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Eric Miller | First 5 Authors: Hiromasa Suzuki, Hiromasa Suzuki, , , | Summary: The X-ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission (XRISM), launched into low-Earth orbit in 2023, observes the reflection of solar flare X-rays in the Earth’s atmosphere as a by-product of celestial observations. Using a $sim$one-year data set covering from October 2023 […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gang Su | First 5 Authors: Huifeng Lin, Huifeng Lin, , , | Summary: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based on Large Language Models (LLMs) is a powerful solution to understand and query the industry’s closed-source documents. However, basic RAG often struggles with complex QA tasks in legal and regulatory domains, particularly when dealing with […]
Kavli Affiliate: Herre S. J. Van Der Zant | First 5 Authors: Hanqing Liu, Hanqing Liu, , , | Summary: For the development of nanoscale electronics and photonics using atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials, it is important to realize van der Waals (vdW) interfaces with low thermal resistance, to minimize performance reduction caused by heat […]
Kavli Affiliate: Cheng Peng | First 5 Authors: Cheng Peng, Cheng Peng, , , | Summary: Natural language processing (NLP) is a key technology to extract important patient information from clinical narratives to support healthcare applications. The rapid development of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized many NLP tasks in the clinical domain, yet their […]