Trial by FIRE: Probing the dark matter density profile of dwarf galaxies with GraphNPE

Kavli Affiliate: Lina Necib | First 5 Authors: Tri Nguyen, Justin Read, Lina Necib, Siddharth Mishra-Sharma, Claude-André Faucher-Giguère | Summary: The Dark Matter (DM) distribution in dwarf galaxies provides crucial insights into both structure formation and the particle nature of DM. GraphNPE (Graph Neural Posterior Estimator), first introduced in Nguyen et al. (2023), is a […]


Continue.. Trial by FIRE: Probing the dark matter density profile of dwarf galaxies with GraphNPE

The THESAN-ZOOM project: Population III star formation continues until the end of reionization

Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Oliver Zier, Rahul Kannan, Aaron Smith, Ewald Puchwein, Mark Vogelsberger | Summary: Population III (Pop III) stars are the first stars in the Universe, forming from pristine, metal-free gas and marking the end of the cosmic dark ages. Their formation rate is expected to sharply decline after […]


Continue.. The THESAN-ZOOM project: Population III star formation continues until the end of reionization

Towards Understanding Distilled Reasoning Models: A Representational Approach

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: David D. Baek, Max Tegmark, , , | Summary: In this paper, we investigate how model distillation impacts the development of reasoning features in large language models (LLMs). To explore this, we train a crosscoder on Qwen-series models and their fine-tuned variants. Our results suggest that the […]


Continue.. Towards Understanding Distilled Reasoning Models: A Representational Approach

Towards Understanding Distilled Reasoning Models: A Representational Approach

Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: David D. Baek, Max Tegmark, , , | Summary: In this paper, we investigate how model distillation impacts the development of reasoning features in large language models (LLMs). To explore this, we train a crosscoder on Qwen-series models and their fine-tuned variants. Our results suggest that the […]


Continue.. Towards Understanding Distilled Reasoning Models: A Representational Approach

A Linear Decomposition Method to Analyze and Study Pulsar Mode Changes

Kavli Affiliate: Kejia Lee | First 5 Authors: Longfei Hao, Zhixuan Li, Faxin Shen, Yonghua Xu, Yuxiang Huang | Summary: In this paper, we present the linear decomposition method (LDM), which we developed to detect and analyze pulsar profile variations and mode changing behaviour. We developed LDM utilizing the likelihood function approach assuming the Gaussian […]


Continue.. A Linear Decomposition Method to Analyze and Study Pulsar Mode Changes

Photometric-Metallicity and Distance Estimates for $sim$70,000 RR Lyrae Stars from the Zwicky Transient Facility

Kavli Affiliate: Huawei Zhang | First 5 Authors: Shunxuan He, Yang Huang, XinYi Li, Huawei Zhang, Gaochao Liu | Summary: Utilizing Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) data and existing RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) catalogs, this study achieves the first calibration of the $P – phi_{31} – R_{21} – text{[Fe/H]}$ and $P-phi_{31}-A_{2}-A_{1}-text{[Fe/H]}$ relations in the ZTF photometric […]


Continue.. Photometric-Metallicity and Distance Estimates for $sim$70,000 RR Lyrae Stars from the Zwicky Transient Facility

Diverse somatic genomic alterations in single neurons in chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Kavli Affiliate: Michael Miller | Authors: Guanlan Dong, Chanthia C Ma, Shulin Mao, Samuel M Naik, Katherine Sun-Mi Brown, Gannon A McDonough, Junho Kim, Samantha L Kirkham, Jonathan Cherry, Madeline Uretsky, Elizabeth Spurlock, Ann McKee, August Yue Huang, Michael B Miller, Eunjung Alice Lee and Christopher A Walsh | Summary: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is […]


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Effectiveness of Digital Dispersion Compensation in OCT

Kavli Affiliate: Xingde Li | Authors: Fengquan Liu and Xingde Li | Summary: Dispersion mismatch in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is typically addressed through either physical or digital compensation. In this study, we investigate the impact of dispersion on OCT detection sensitivity and compare the effectiveness of physical and digital compensation across varying degrees of […]


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Chronic hyperactivation of midbrain dopamine neurons causes preferential dopamine neuron degeneration

Kavli Affiliate: Alexandra Nelson and Anatol Kreitzer | Authors: Katerina L Rademacher, Zak Doric, Dominik Haddad, Aphroditi Mamaligas, Szu-Chi Liao, Rose Creed, Kohei Kano, Zac Chatterton, Yuhong Fu, Joseph H Garcia, Victoria Vance, Yoshitaka Sei, Anatol Kreitzer, Glenda Halliday, Alexandra Nelson, Elyssa Margolis and Ken L Nakamura | Summary: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by […]


Continue.. Chronic hyperactivation of midbrain dopamine neurons causes preferential dopamine neuron degeneration

Differential glutamatergic and GABAergic responses drive divergent prefrontal cortex neural outcomes to low and high frequency stimulation

Kavli Affiliate: Jyoti Mishra and Dhakshin Ramanathan | Authors: Morteza Salimi, Milad Nazari, Jonathan Mishler, Mishra Jyoti and Dhakshin Ramanathan | Summary: Background Repetitive brain stimulation is hypothesized to bidirectionally modulate excitability, with low-frequency trains decreasing and high-frequency (>5 Hz) trains increasing activity. Most insights on the neuroplastic effects of repetitive stimulation protocols stem from […]


Continue.. Differential glutamatergic and GABAergic responses drive divergent prefrontal cortex neural outcomes to low and high frequency stimulation