Fundamental Limits of Hierarchical Secure Aggregation with Cyclic User Association

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Xiang Zhang, Zhou Li, Kai Wan, Hua Sun, Mingyue Ji | Summary: Secure aggregation is motivated by federated learning (FL) where a cloud server aims to compute an averaged model (i.e., weights of deep neural networks) of the locally-trained models of numerous clients, while adhering to data […]


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A Foundational Potential Energy Surface Dataset for Materials

Kavli Affiliate: Kristin A. Persson | First 5 Authors: Aaron D. Kaplan, Runze Liu, Ji Qi, Tsz Wai Ko, Bowen Deng | Summary: Accurate potential energy surface (PES) descriptions are essential for atomistic simulations of materials. Universal machine learning interatomic potentials (UMLIPs)$^{1-3}$ offer a computationally efficient alternative to density functional theory (DFT)$^4$ for PES modeling […]


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A Hybrid CNN-Transformer Model for Heart Disease Prediction Using Life History Data

Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Ran Hao, Yanlin Xiang, Junliang Du, Qingyuan He, Jiacheng Hu | Summary: This study proposed a hybrid model of a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a Transformer to predict and diagnose heart disease. Based on CNN’s strength in detecting local features and the Transformer’s high capacity in […]


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ReaderLM-v2: Small Language Model for HTML to Markdown and JSON

Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang | First 5 Authors: Feng Wang, Zesheng Shi, Bo Wang, Nan Wang, Han Xiao | Summary: We present ReaderLM-v2, a compact 1.5 billion parameter language model designed for efficient web content extraction. Our model processes documents up to 512K tokens, transforming messy HTML into clean Markdown or JSON formats with high […]


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Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Three Flavors on Qubit and Qutrit Processors

Kavli Affiliate: Irfan Siddiqi | First 5 Authors: Luca Spagnoli, Noah Goss, Alessandro Roggero, Ermal Rrapaj, Michael J. Cervia | Summary: Collective neutrino flavor oscillations are of primary importance in understanding the dynamic evolution of core-collapse supernovae and subsequent terrestrial detection, but also among the most challenging aspects of numerical simulations. This situation is complicated […]


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Collective Neutrino Oscillations in Three Flavors on Qubit and Qutrit Processors

Kavli Affiliate: Irfan Siddiqi | First 5 Authors: Luca Spagnoli, Noah Goss, Alessandro Roggero, Ermal Rrapaj, Michael J. Cervia | Summary: Collective neutrino flavor oscillations are of primary importance in understanding the dynamic evolution of core-collapse supernovae and subsequent terrestrial detection, but also among the most challenging aspects of numerical simulations. This situation is complicated […]


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Large Language Models Are Innate Crystal Structure Generators

Kavli Affiliate: Kristin A. Persson | First 5 Authors: Jingru Gan, Peichen Zhong, Yuanqi Du, Yanqiao Zhu, Chenru Duan | Summary: Crystal structure generation is fundamental to materials discovery, enabling the prediction of novel materials with desired properties. While existing approaches leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) through extensive fine-tuning on materials databases, we show that […]


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Multi2: Multi-Agent Test-Time Scalable Framework for Multi-Document Processing

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Juntai Cao, Xiang Zhang, Raymond Li, Chuyuan Li, Shafiq Joty | Summary: Recent advances in test-time scaling have shown promising results in improving Large Language Models (LLMs) performance through strategic computation allocation during inference. While this approach has demonstrated strong performance improvements in logical and mathematical reasoning […]


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A convoy of magnetic millirobots transports endoscopic instruments for minimally-invasive surgery

Kavli Affiliate: Felix Fischer | First 5 Authors: Moonkwang Jeon, Xiangzhou Tan, Felix Fischer, Tian Qiu, | Summary: Small-scale robots offer significant potential in minimally-invasive medical procedures. Due to the nature of soft biological tissues, however, robots are exposed to complex environments with various challenges in locomotion, which is essential to overcome for useful medical […]


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Orbital Wigner functions and quantum transport in multiband systems

Kavli Affiliate: Joel E. Moore | First 5 Authors: Johannes Mitscherling, Dan S. Borgnia, SuryaNeil Ahuja, Joel E. Moore, Vir B. Bulchandani | Summary: Traditional theories of electron transport in crystals are based on the Boltzmann equation and do not capture physics arising from quantum coherence. We introduce a transport formalism based on ”orbital Wigner […]


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