Kavli Affiliate: Renxin Xu | First 5 Authors: Chen Zhang, Chen Zhang, , , | Summary: Some recent pulsar observations cannot naturally fit into the conventional picture of neutron stars: the compact objects associated with HESS J1731-347 and XTE J1814-338 have too small radii at the low-mass regime, while the secondary component of GW190814 is […]
Kavli Affiliate: Misao Sasaki | First 5 Authors: Anamaria Hell, Anamaria Hell, , , | Summary: We show that a single constrained scalar field with non-minimal coupling to gravity can give rise to an accelerating Universe. First, we consider this model in the absence of external matter. In the original Jordan frame, we show that […]
Kavli Affiliate: Renxin Xu | First 5 Authors: Zhaosheng Li, Zhaosheng Li, , , | Summary: SRGA J144459.2$-$604207 is a newly confirmed accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar and type I X-ray burster. We present the broadband X-ray timing and spectral behaviors of SRGA J144459.2$-$604207 during its 2024 outburst. The data were collected from NICER, Einstein Probe, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ran Wang | First 5 Authors: Fei Yuhuan, Fei Yuhuan, , , | Summary: Early detection and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy is one of the current research focuses in ophthalmology. However, due to the subtle features of micro-lesions and their susceptibility to background interference, ex-isting detection methods still face many challenges in terms […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kejia Lee | First 5 Authors: Zhengli Wang, Zhengli Wang, , , | Summary: In this work, we observe the nearby pulsar, PSR B1929$+$10, using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). We find, for the first time, two new emission components with an extremely weak observed flux density of about $10^-4$ of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Kawasaki | First 5 Authors: Hiroto Yanagisawa, Hiroto Yanagisawa, , , | Summary: We present a new constraint on the primordial helium abundance, $Y_mathrmP$, based on Subaru observations. A major source of uncertainty in previous $Y_mathrmP$ determinations is the lack of extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs; $0.01-0.1Z_odot$), which have metallicities a few to […]
Kavli Affiliate: Steven M. Kahn | First 5 Authors: Konstantin Malanchev, Konstantin Malanchev, , , | Summary: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory recently released Data Preview 1 (DP1) in advance of the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), which will enable boundless discoveries in time-domain astronomy over the next ten years. DP1 provides […]
Kavli Affiliate: Toshiya Namikawa | First 5 Authors: Toshiya Namikawa, Toshiya Namikawa, , , | Summary: The recent measurement of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) reveals a mild tension with observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) within the standard $Lambda$CDM cosmological model. This discrepancy leads to a preference […]
Kavli Affiliate: Shunsaku Horiuchi | First 5 Authors: Cecilia Lunardini, Cecilia Lunardini, , , | Summary: We present a new, state-of-the-art computation of the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB), where we use neutrino spectra from multi-dimensional, multi-second core collapse supernova simulations – including both neutron-star and black-hole forming collapses – and binary evolution effects from […]
Kavli Affiliate: Daniel E. Holz | First 5 Authors: Lei Hu, Tomás Cabrera, Antonella Palmese, James Freeburn, Mattia Bulla | Summary: Gravitational wave (GW) neutron star mergers with an associated electromagnetic counterpart constitute powerful probes of binary evolution, the production sites of heavy elements, general relativity, and the expansion of the universe. Only a handful […]