2025 – Page 47 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

Diet Processing and Nutrient Composition Drive Divergent Obesity Phenotypes in Wistar Rats

Posted by dbos July 22, 2025August 4, 2025UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Gabriel Silva | Authors: Pedro Rocha Tenorio, Gabriel Smolak Sobieski e Silva, Débora Hipólito Quadreli, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves Fernandes and Fábio Goulart de Andrade | Summary: Purpose This study aimed to investigate whether food processing, alone or combined with high-fat/high-sugar content, promotes obesity, metabolic syndrome (MtS), and oxidative stress in adult rats. Methods […]

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Mouse pups lacking a cerebral cortex develop abnormal vocal behavior

Posted by dbos July 22, 2025August 4, 2025Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Erich Jarvis | Authors: J. Lomax Boyd, Cesar Vargas and Erich D. Jarvis | Summary: Vocal learning is an essential component of spoken language and critically depends on the cerebral cortex. The evolutionary origins of cortical/pallial control over vocal learning abilities in mammals and songbirds remains largely unknown. For instance, reports conflict on […]

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Programmable microparticles rewire CAR signaling to enable super-physiological expansion of human T cells in vitro

Posted by dbos July 22, 2025August 4, 2025UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Tejal Desai | Authors: Qinghe Zeng, Landon Flemming, Yuanzhou Chen, Thomas Mazumder, Heinz Hammerlindl, Greg M. Allen, Ricardo Almeida, Jasper Z. Williams, Rogelio A. Hernandez-Lopez, Justin Eyquem, Chun Jimmie Ye, Wendell A Lim, Qizhi Tang, Tejal Desai and Xiao Huang | Summary: T cell proliferative capacity and persistence critically determine the therapeutic success […]

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Variable X-ray reverberation in the rapidly accreting AGN Ark 564: the response of the soft excess to the changing geometry of the inner accretion flow

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025Stanford

Kavli Affiliate: Steven W. Allen | First 5 Authors: Zhefu Yu, Zhefu Yu, , , | Summary: X-ray reverberation, which exploits the time delays between variability in different energy bands as a function of Fourier frequency, probes the structure of the inner accretion disks and X-ray coronae of active galactic nuclei. We present a systematic […]

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Stellar Mass-Dispersion Measure Correlations Constrain Baryonic Feedback in Fast Radio Burst Host Galaxies

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi W. Masui | First 5 Authors: Calvin Leung, Calvin Leung, , , | Summary: Low redshift fast radio bursts (FRBs) provide robust measurements of the host-galaxy contribution to the dispersion measure (DM), which can constrain the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of the hosts. We curate a sample of 20 nearby FRBs with low […]

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WGRAMMAR: Leverage Prior Knowledge to Accelerate Structured Decoding

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Ran Wang | First 5 Authors: Ran Wang, Ran Wang, , , | Summary: Structured decoding enables large language models (LLMs) to generate outputs in formats required by downstream systems, such as HTML or JSON. However, existing methods suffer from efficiency bottlenecks due to grammar compilation, state tracking, and mask creation. We observe […]

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EarthCrafter: Scalable 3D Earth Generation via Dual-Sparse Latent Diffusion

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025Peking

Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Shang Liu, Shang Liu, , , | Summary: Despite the remarkable developments achieved by recent 3D generation works, scaling these methods to geographic extents, such as modeling thousands of square kilometers of Earth’s surface, remains an open challenge. We address this through a dual innovation in data […]

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STAR: A Benchmark for Astronomical Star Fields Super-Resolution

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Kuo-Cheng Wu, Kuo-Cheng Wu, , , | Summary: Super-resolution (SR) advances astronomical imaging by enabling cost-effective high-resolution capture, crucial for detecting faraway celestial objects and precise structural analysis. However, existing datasets for astronomical SR (ASR) exhibit three critical limitations: flux inconsistency, object-crop setting, and insufficient data diversity, […]

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The THESAN project: environmental drivers of Local Group reionization

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025August 4, 2025MIT

Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Yu Zhao, Yu Zhao, , , | Summary: The timing of cosmic reionization across Local Group (LG) analogues provides insights into their early histories and surrounding large-scale structure. Using the radiation-hydrodynamic simulation THESAN-1 and its dark matter-only counterpart THESAN-DARK-1, we track the reionization histories of all haloes, […]

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Optimal schedule of multi-channel quantum Zeno dragging with application to solving the k-SAT problem

Posted by klaurent July 22, 2025Berkeley

Kavli Affiliate: Birgitta Whaley | First 5 Authors: Yipei Zhang, Yipei Zhang, , , | Summary: Quantum Zeno dragging enables the preparation of common eigenstates of a set of observables by frequent measurement and adiabatic-like modulation of the measurement basis. In this work, we present a deeper analysis of multi-channel Zeno dragging using generalized measurements, […]

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