Neuroscience – Page 105 – Kavli Institute Pre-Print Publications

A method of inferring partially observable Markov models from syllable sequences reveals the effects of deafening on Bengalese finch song syntax

Posted by klaurent November 15, 2022November 28, 2022UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Kristofer Bouchard | Authors: Jiali Lu, Sumithra Surendralal, Kristofer E Bouchard and Dezhe Z. Jin | Summary: Abstract Songs of the Bengalese finch consist of variable sequences of syllables. The sequences follow probabilistic rules, and can be statistically described by partially observable Markov models (POMMs), which consist of states and probabilistic transitions between […]

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Direct Cortical Inputs to Hippocampal Area CA1 Transmit Complementary Signals for Goal-directed Navigation

Posted by klaurent November 13, 2022December 19, 2022Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Attila Losonczy | Authors: John C Bowler and Attila Losonczy | Summary: Summary The entorhinal cortex (EC) is central to the brain’s navigation system. Its subregions are conventionally thought to compute dichotomous representations for spatial processing: medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) provides a global spatial map, while lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) encodes specific sensory […]

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The HCN1 hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel enhances evoked GABA release from parvalbumin positive interneurons

Posted by klaurent November 13, 2022November 21, 2022Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Steven Siegelbaum | Authors: Tobias Bock, Eric W Buss, Olivia M Lofaro, Felix W Leroy, Bina Santoro and Steven A Siegelbaum | Summary: Abstract Hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels generate the cationic Ih current in neurons and regulate the excitability of neuronal networks. The function of HCN channels depends, in part, on their […]

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Converting an allocentric goal into an egocentric steering signal

Posted by klaurent November 13, 2022November 21, 2022Rockefeller

Kavli Affiliate: Gaby Maimon | Authors: Peter Mussells Pires, L F Abbott and Gaby Maimon | Summary: Abstract Neuronal signals relevant for spatial navigation have been described in many species[1-12], however, a circuit-level understanding of how such signals interact to guide behaviour is lacking. Here we characterize a neuronal circuit in the Drosophila central complex […]

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Tautomer-specific deacylation and Ω-loop flexibility explain carbapenem-hydrolyzing, broad-spectrum activity of the KPC-2 β-lactamase

Posted by klaurent Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Michael Beer | Authors: Catherine L Tooke, Philip Hinchliffe, Michael Beer, Kirill Zinovjev, Charlie K Colenso, Christopher J Schofield, Adrian J Mulholland and James Spencer | Summary: Abstract KPC-2 (Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-2) is a globally disseminated serine-β-lactamase (SBL) responsible for extensive β-lactam antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. SBLs inactivate β-lactams via a mechanism […]

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Inflammation-Responsive Micellar Nanoparticles from Degradable Polyphosphoramidates for Targeted Delivery to Myocardial Infarction

Posted by klaurent November 11, 2022November 21, 2022UCSD / Salk

Kavli Affiliate: Karen Christman | Authors: Yifei Liang, Holly Sullivan, Kendal Carrow, Joanna Korpanty, Kendra Worthington, Colin Luo, Karen L Christman and Nathan C Gianneschi | Summary: ABSTRACT Nanoparticles that undergo a localized morphology change to target areas of inflammation have been previously developed but are limited by their lack of biodegradability. In this paper, […]

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Circuit dissection and functional validation of a cross-species emotional biomarker

Posted by klaurent November 11, 2022November 21, 2022UCSF

Kavli Affiliate: Edward Chang, Vikaas Sohal | Authors: Adam Jackson, Josh Cohen, Aarron Phensy, Edward F Chang, Heather Dawes and Vikaas Sohal | Summary: ABSTRACT Emotional responses arise from limbic circuits including the hippocampus and amygdala. In the human brain, beta-frequency communication between these structures correlates with self-reported mood and anxiety. However, both the mechanism […]

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Reduced cholecystokinin-expressing interneuron input contributes to disinhibition of the hippocampal CA2 region in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy

Posted by klaurent November 10, 2022November 21, 2022Columbia

Kavli Affiliate: Steven Siegelbaum | Authors: Alexander C Whitebirch, Anastasia Barnett, Bina Santoro, Helen E Scharfman and Steven A Siegelbaum | Summary: ABSTRACT A significant proportion of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients experience drug-resistant seizures associated with mesial temporal sclerosis, in which there is extensive cell loss in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subfields, with […]

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A comparative atlas of single-cell chromatin accessibility in the human brain

Posted by klaurent November 10, 2022November 21, 2022Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Michael Miller | Authors: Yang Eric Li, Sebastian Preissl, Michael Miller, Nicholas D. Johnson, Zihan Wang, Henry Jiao, Chenxu Zhu, Zhaoning Wang, Yang Xie, Olivier Poirin, Colin Kern, Antonio Pinto-Duarte, Wei Tian, Kimberly Siletti, Nora Emerson, Julia Osteen, Jacinta Lucero, Lin Lin, Qian Yang, Sarah Espinoza, Quan Zhu, Nathan Zemke, Anna Marie Yanny, […]

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Potassium regulates axon-oligodendrocyte signaling and metabolic coupling in white matter

Posted by klaurent November 9, 2022November 21, 2022Hopkins

Kavli Affiliate: Dwight Bergles | Authors: Zoe J. Looser, Luca Ravotto, Ramona B. Jung, Hauke B. Werner, Torben Ruhwedel, Wiebke Moebius, Dwight E Bergles, L. Felipe Barros, Klaus-Armin Nave, Bruno Weber and Aiman S. Saab | Summary: Abstract The integrity of myelinated axons relies on homeostatic support from oligodendrocytes (OLs), which is essential for brain […]

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