Kavli Affiliate: Debanjan Chowdhury | First 5 Authors: Haining Pan, Haining Pan, , , | Summary: Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable progress in coding and math problem-solving, but evaluation on advanced research-level problems in hard sciences remains scarce. To fill this gap, we present CMT-Benchmark, a dataset of 50 problems covering condensed matter […]
Kavli Affiliate: David Muller | First 5 Authors: Emerson Melo, Emerson Melo, , , | Summary: We establish a link between a class of discrete choice models and the theory of online learning and multi-armed bandits. Our contributions are: (i) sublinear regret bounds for a broad algorithmic family, encompassing Exp3 as a special case; (ii) […]
Kavli Affiliate: David Muller | First 5 Authors: Sarvesh Chaudhari, Sarvesh Chaudhari, , , | Summary: Surface oxides are associated with two-level systems (TLSs) that degrade the performance of niobium-based superconducting quantum computing devices. To address this, we introduce a predictive framework for selecting metal capping layers that inhibit niobium oxide formation. Using DFT-calculated oxygen […]
Kavli Affiliate: David A. Muller | First 5 Authors: Desheng Ma, Desheng Ma, , , | Summary: Tilt-corrected imaging methods in four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) have recently emerged as a new class of direct ptychography methods that are especially useful at low dose. The operation of tilt correction unfolds the contrast transfer functions […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jie Shan | First 5 Authors: Zhongdong Han, Zhongdong Han, , , | Summary: Quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHIs) and excitonic insulators (EIs) are prototypical topological and correlated states of matter, respectively. The topological phase transition between the two has attracted much theoretical interest but experimental studies have been hindered by the availability […]
Kavli Affiliate: David A. Muller | First 5 Authors: Saif Siddique, Saif Siddique, , , | Summary: Classical nucleation theory predicts size-dependent nucleation and melting due to surface and confinement effects at the nanoscale. In correlated electronic states, observation of size-dependent nucleation and melting is rarely reported, likely due to the extremely small length scales […]
Kavli Affiliate: Chris Xu | First 5 Authors: The bbchallenge Collaboration, The bbchallenge Collaboration, , , | Summary: We prove that $S(5) = 47,176,870$ using the Coq proof assistant. The Busy Beaver value $S(n)$ is the maximum number of steps that an $n$-state 2-symbol Turing machine can perform from the all-zero tape before halting, and […]
Kavli Affiliate: David A. Muller | First 5 Authors: Felix Bennemann, Felix Bennemann, , , | Summary: High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) is an important method for imaging beam sensitive materials often under cryo conditions. Electron ptychography in the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) has been shown to reconstruct low-noise phase data at a reduced […]
Kavli Affiliate: David A. Muller | First 5 Authors: Harikrishnan KP, Harikrishnan KP, , , | Summary: With the decreasing sizes of integrated-circuit components, the semiconductor industry is in growing need of high-throughput strain mapping techniques that offer high precision and spatial resolution, with desired industry goals of 0.01-0.1% and 1 nm respectively. As the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gregory D. Fuchs | First 5 Authors: Jaimin Kang, Jaimin Kang, , , | Summary: Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) based on ferromagnets are canonical devices in spintronics, with wide-ranging applications in data storage, computing, and sensing. They simultaneously exhibit mechanisms for electrical detection of magnetic order through the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect, and […]