Harnessing micro-Fabry-Perot reference cavities in photonic integrated circuits

Kavli Affiliate: Kerry J. Vahala | First 5 Authors: Haotian Cheng, Chao Xiang, Naijun Jin, Igor Kudelin, Joel Guo | Summary: Compact photonic systems that offer high frequency stability and low noise are of increasing importance to applications in precision metrology, quantum computing, communication, and advanced sensing technologies. However, on-chip resonators comprised of dielectrics cannot […]


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Multimodal Misinformation Detection by Learning from Synthetic Data with Multimodal LLMs

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Fengzhu Zeng, Wenqian Li, Wei Gao, Yan Pang, | Summary: Detecting multimodal misinformation, especially in the form of image-text pairs, is crucial. Obtaining large-scale, high-quality real-world fact-checking datasets for training detectors is costly, leading researchers to use synthetic datasets generated by AI technologies. However, the generalizability of […]


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Fracture Characterization of Bioinspired Irregular Network Reinforced Composites

Kavli Affiliate: Chiara Daraio | First 5 Authors: Chelsea Fox, Tommaso Magrini, Chiara Daraio, , | Summary: The mechanical behavior of composite materials is significantly influenced by their structure and constituent materials. One emerging class of composite materials is irregular network reinforced composites (NRC’s), whose reinforcing phase is generated by a stochastic algorithm. Although design […]


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Preserving phase coherence and linearity in cat qubits with exponential bit-flip suppression

Kavli Affiliate: Oskar Painter | First 5 Authors: Harald Putterman, Kyungjoo Noh, Rishi N. Patel, Gregory A. Peairs, Gregory S. MacCabe | Summary: Cat qubits, a type of bosonic qubit encoded in a harmonic oscillator, can exhibit an exponential noise bias against bit-flip errors with increasing mean photon number. Here, we focus on cat qubits […]


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Decoding the hidden dynamics of super-Arrhenius hydrogen diffusion in multi-principal element alloys via machine learning

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Fei Shuang, Yucheng Ji, Zixiong Wei, Chaofang Dong, Wei Gao | Summary: Understanding atomic hydrogen (H) diffusion in multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) is essential for advancing clean energy technologies such as H transport, storage, and nuclear fusion applications. However, the vast compositional space and the intricate chemical […]


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Predicting User Stances from Target-Agnostic Information using Large Language Models

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Siyuan Brandon Loh, Liang Ze Wong, Prasanta Bhattacharya, Joseph Simons, Wei Gao | Summary: We investigate Large Language Models’ (LLMs) ability to predict a user’s stance on a target given a collection of his/her target-agnostic social media posts (i.e., user-level stance prediction). While we show early evidence […]


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Robust Salient Object Detection on Compressed Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Guibiao Liao, Wei Gao, , , | Summary: Salient object detection (SOD) has achieved substantial progress in recent years. In practical scenarios, compressed images (CI) serve as the primary medium for data transmission and storage. However, scant attention has been directed towards SOD for compressed images using […]


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Hardware-efficient quantum error correction using concatenated bosonic qubits

Kavli Affiliate: Oskar Painter | First 5 Authors: Harald Putterman, Kyungjoo Noh, Connor T. Hann, Gregory S. MacCabe, Shahriar Aghaeimeibodi | Summary: In order to solve problems of practical importance, quantum computers will likely need to incorporate quantum error correction, where a logical qubit is redundantly encoded in many noisy physical qubits. The large physical-qubit […]


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Thermo-mechanical Properties of Hierarchical Biocomposite Materials from Photosynthetic Microorganisms

Kavli Affiliate: Chiara Daraio | First 5 Authors: Israel Kellersztein, Daniel Tish, John Pederson, Martin Bechthold, Chiara Daraio | Summary: Extrusion 3D-printing of biopolymers and natural fiber-based biocomposites allows for the fabrication of complex structures, ranging from gels for healthcare applications to eco-friendly structural materials. However, traditional polymer extrusion demands high-energy consumption to pre-heat the […]


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MindGuard: Towards Accessible and Sitgma-free Mental Health First Aid via Edge LLM

Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao | First 5 Authors: Sijie Ji, Xinzhe Zheng, Jiawei Sun, Renqi Chen, Wei Gao | Summary: Mental health disorders are among the most prevalent diseases worldwide, affecting nearly one in four people. Despite their widespread impact, the intervention rate remains below 25%, largely due to the significant cooperation required from patients […]


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