Kavli Affiliate: Edward Kolb | Summary:A new field, emphParticle Cosmology, emerged at the interface of elementary particle physics and cosmology in the last two decades of the 20th century. In this chapter of the emphProceedings of the 4th International Symposium on the History of Particle Physics, the Standard Model and Beyond I will review the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ulrich Sperhake | Summary:Einstein’s equations of general relativity are one of the most complicated set of equations in all of physics and, for all but idealized physical settings, can only be solved by numerical methods on high-performance computing systems. Generating such solutions is a veritable Odyssey in its own right with adventures across […]
Kavli Affiliate: David Spergel | Summary:We introduce a physics-informed framework for learning finite-dimensional embeddings of solution families of partial differential equations. The method uses a multihead Physics-Informed Neural Network in which a shared body learns a latent manifold representing the solution space, while linear heads reconstruct individual solutions associated with different initial conditions. A head-orthogonalization […]
Kavli Affiliate: David W. Miller | Summary:In this work, we propose a unified approach for diagnosing misclassification and assessing the robustness of black-box classifiers. Central to our method is an optimization framework that modifies an instance so that the classifier predicts a specified target label, while ensuring that the modification remains easily explainable. The objective […]
Kavli Affiliate: Satoshi Shirai | Summary:The two-zero minor structure predicted by flavor symmetries is usually discussed as a tree-level relation among low-energy neutrino parameters. We point out that this relation can be significantly modified by radiative corrections even when the two-zero minor structure is enforced by an underlying symmetry at tree level. As a concrete […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mihoko Nojiri | Summary:Scientific results produced by LLM generated analysis code must be understandable and reproducible. However, uncertainty can arise at different stages of the process, both in the original natural language specification and in the generated implementation. As a result, even executable code may not provide a clear understanding of which quantities […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zeeshan Ahmed | Summary:Principal Component Analysis or PCA-like properties (orthogonality, variance ranking) are seldom realized in deep autoencoder architectures. In this work, we present ODIN (Orthogonal Dendritic Intrinsic Network), a novel autoencoder architecture that recovers PCA-like latent structure in a fully non-linear regime. By incorporating a set of geometric constraints directly into the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Despite the growing number of compact active galactic nuclei (AGN) at $z>4$ discovered by JWST, their formation and evolution remain poorly understood. This paper investigates the large-scale environment of GN-77652, a compact AGN at $z=5.229$ observed as part of the JWST NIRSpec IFU Large Program BlackTHUNDER and complemented by deep […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | Summary:Self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) influences halo structure through collisional heat transport and may solve several small-scale puzzles in structure formation. SIDM creates thermalized cores in low-mass haloes, which may account for the observed cored dwarf galaxies. During late-time gravothermal core collapse, SIDM can produce dense low-mass DM haloes and substructures […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | Summary:Globular clusters exhibit large star-to-star variations and anticorrelations in their light element abundances that are commonly interpreted in terms of in-cluster self-enrichment, in which ejecta from early-forming cluster stars pollute the gas from which later stars form over millions of years. Yet proposed self-enrichment scenarios suffer from a severe mass-budget […]