Kavli Affiliate: Kiyoshi Wesley Masui | First 5 Authors: Yitian Sun, Katelin Schutz, Harper Sewalls, Calvin Leung, Kiyoshi Wesley Masui | Summary: Axion dark matter (DM) produces echo images of bright radio sources via stimulated decay. These images appear as a faint radio line centered at half the axion mass, with the line width set […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Meredith Neyer, Aaron Smith, Rahul Kannan, Mark Vogelsberger, Enrico Garaldi | Summary: An important characteristic of cosmic reionization is the growth of ionized gas bubbles surrounding early luminous objects. Understanding the connections between the formation and coalescence of these bubbles and their originating astrophysical sources is equally […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vogelsberger | First 5 Authors: Meredith Neyer, Aaron Smith, Rahul Kannan, Mark Vogelsberger, Enrico Garaldi | Summary: An important characteristic of cosmic hydrogen reionization is the growth of ionized gas bubbles surrounding early luminous objects. Ionized bubble sizes are beginning to be probed using Lyman-$alpha$ emission from high-redshift galaxies, and will also […]
Kavli Affiliate: Misao Sasaki | First 5 Authors: Kaloian D. Lozanov, Shi Pi, Misao Sasaki, Volodymyr Takhistov, Ao Wang | Summary: Formation of cosmological solitons is generically accompanied by production of gravitational waves (GWs), with a universal GW background expected at frequency scales below that of non-linear dynamics. Beginning with a general phenomenological description of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Michele Perna, Santiago Arribas, Isabella Lamperti, Chiara Circosta, Elena Bertola | Summary: Merger events can trigger gas accretion onto supermassive black holes (SMBHs) sitting at the centre of galaxies, and form close pairs of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The fraction of AGN in pairs gives key information […]
Kavli Affiliate: Robert L. Byer | First 5 Authors: Payton Broaddus, Thilo Egenolf, Dylan S. Black, Melanie Murillo, Clarisse Woodahl | Summary: We demonstrate a silicon-based electron accelerator that uses laser optical near fields to both accelerate and confine electrons over extended distances. Two dielectric laser accelerators (DLA) designs were tested, each consisting of two […]
Kavli Affiliate: Robert L. Byer | First 5 Authors: Payton Broaddus, Thilo Egenolf, Dylan S. Black, Melanie Murillo, Clarisse Woodahl | Summary: We demonstrate a silicon-based electron accelerator that uses laser optical near fields to both accelerate and confine electrons over extended distances. Two dielectric laser accelerator (DLA) designs were tested, each consisting of two […]
Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Ziming Liu, Max Tegmark, , , | Summary: Neural scaling laws (NSL) refer to the phenomenon where model performance improves with scale. Sharma & Kaplan analyzed NSL using approximation theory and predict that MSE losses decay as $N^{-alpha}$, $alpha=4/d$, where $N$ is the number of model parameters, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Ziming Liu, Max Tegmark, , , | Summary: Neural scaling laws (NSL) refer to the phenomenon where model performance improves with scale. Sharma & Kaplan analyzed NSL using approximation theory and predict that MSE losses decay as $N^{-alpha}$, $alpha=4/d$, where $N$ is the number of model parameters, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Max Tegmark | First 5 Authors: Wes Gurnee, Max Tegmark, , , | Summary: The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have sparked debate over whether such systems just learn an enormous collection of superficial statistics or a coherent model of the data generating process — a world model. We find evidence for […]