Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Xiang Zhang, Xiang Zhang, , , | Summary: In decentralized federated learning (FL), multiple clients collaboratively learn a shared machine learning (ML) model by leveraging their privately held datasets distributed across the network, through interactive exchange of the intermediate model updates. To ensure data security, cryptographic techniques […]
Kavli Affiliate: Darrell G. Schlom | First 5 Authors: Mohamed Nawwar, Mohamed Nawwar, , , | Summary: This study reports the observation of phonon-drag thermopower polarity reversal in Ba-doped KTaO3 thin films, mediated by electron-phonon Umklapp scattering. Epitaxial films with distinct carrier concentrations (3.7 x 10^20 cm^-3 and 4.9 x 10^19 cm^-3) were grown via […]
Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang | First 5 Authors: Fupei Guo, Fupei Guo, , , | Summary: The rapid development of artificial intelligence has driven smart health with next-generation wireless communication technologies, stimulating exciting applications in remote diagnosis and intervention. To enable a timely and effective response for remote healthcare, efficient transmission of medical data through […]
Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Crawford | First 5 Authors: Jorge Garcia, Jorge Garcia, , , | Summary: After analyzing the 4×4 determinant of a matrix, a shortcut was obtained to find such a determinant. Similarly to the Sarrus method for 2×2 or 3×3 determinants, the method consists of laying 19 columns of size 4 each and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nicola Omodei | First 5 Authors: Rahul Gupta, Rahul Gupta, , , | Summary: We present a comprehensive multiwavelength analysis of GRB 240825A, a bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) detected by Fermi and Swift, with a prompt duration ($T_rm 90$ ~ 4 sec in 50-300 keV) near the boundary separating short and long GRBs, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Susan E. Clark | First 5 Authors: Yiqi Liu, Yiqi Liu, , , | Summary: We investigate how dust foreground complexity can affect measurements of the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the context of the Simons Observatory, using a cross-spectrum component separation analysis. Employing a suite of simulations with realistic Galactic dust emission, we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Anna Frebel | First 5 Authors: , , , , | Summary: We report on the discovery of GDR3_526285 ($Gaia$ DR3 Source ID 5262850721755411072), a star with $rm[Fe/H] = -4.82 pm 0.25$ and one of the lowest metal ($textatomic number > 2$) mass fractions ever found ($Z_rm GDR3_526585 lesssim 1.0 times 10^-6$). We […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | First 5 Authors: Takumi S. Tanaka, Takumi S. Tanaka, , , | Summary: JWST has revealed a new high-redshift population called little red dots (LRDs). Since LRDs may be in the early phase of black hole growth, identifying them in the early universe is crucial for understanding the formation of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Roberto Maiolino | First 5 Authors: Xihan Ji, Xihan Ji, , , | Summary: Recent JWST observations have revealed a puzzling population of optically red and compact galaxies with peculiar "V"-shaped spectra at high redshift, known as "Little Red Dots" (LRDs). Until now, most spectroscopically confirmed LRDs are found at z > 4 […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Yucheng Xie, Yucheng Xie, , , | Summary: Diffusion models have advanced from text-to-image (T2I) to image-to-image (I2I) generation by incorporating structured inputs such as depth maps, enabling fine-grained spatial control. However, existing methods either train separate models for each condition or rely on unified architectures with […]