Kavli Affiliate: Deepto Chakrabarty | Summary:Measuring rapid astrophysical phenomena requires many short exposures, which suffer from repeated read noise. A variety of recent technologies are achieving sub-electron read noise, which enable rapid time-domain studies of faint sources. These data can be analyzed with traditional methods, but the ability to resolve individual electrons enables a new […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hsiaowen Chen |Summary:Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) is the key ingredient for star formation in galaxies. However, how H$_2$ is distributed in and around galaxies is an open question in astronomy. We report the detection of H$_2$ (covering excitation levels $J = 0$ to 3) in a unique environment at a distance of 139 kpc […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lijing Shao | Summary:Fast-spinning, nonaxisymmetrically deformed neutron stars (NSs) are promising targets for continuous gravitational-wave (CGW) searches with current and next-generation ground-based detectors. Ultraluminous X-ray pulsars (ULXPs), characterized by super-Eddington accretion and strong magnetic fields, provide extreme environments in which substantial nonaxisymmetric deformations may develop. In this Letter, we investigate thermo-elastic mountains generated […]
Kavli Affiliate: Renxin Xu | Summary:Thermal X-ray pulse-profile modeling depends on the angular and spectral properties of neutron star atmosphere emission. We construct a compact empirical approximation to the specific intensity using eight coefficients for the angular dependence and five for a normalized spectral kernel. The angular prescription is motivated by the formal solution of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Giordano Scappucci | Summary:Solid-phase reactions offer a route to integrate superconductors into Ge/SiGe heterostructures, but forming high-quality superconducting layers near the buried Ge quantum well remains challenging. We investigate reactions of V, Ta, and Nb with elemental Ge and with the Si$_0.2$Ge$_0.8$ barrier of Ge/SiGe heterostructures at processing temperatures of 365-390 $^circ$C. Cross-sectional […]
Kavli Affiliate: Wei Gao| Summary:The mass table in the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the PC-PK1 density functional has been established for nuclei with $8 leq Z leq 120$, extended from the previous works for even-even nuclei [Zhang et al. (DRHBc mass table collaboration), At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 144, 101488 (2022)] […]
Kavli Affiliate: Feng Long| Summary: High-dimensional mean testing is challenging under strong dependence and heavy tails, since classical Hotelling statistics are ill posed and regularized versions based on sample moments remain sensitive to outliers. This paper develops a robust regularized Hotelling framework for one-sample mean inference under elliptical distributions. The proposed HRST statistic combines a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Crawford | Summary:PyCC is a Python-based quantum chemistry package that emphasizes coupled cluster and related methods. Developed over the last five years, PyCC’s purpose is to provide a clear reference implementation that will serve as a validation suite for production code, a platform for rapid prototyping and testing of new methods, and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis Ho | Summary:Star-forming structures of scale $sim0.5-1,mathrmkpc$, dubbed ‘giant’ star-forming clumps, are routinely detected in unlensed surveys of $z > 1$ galaxies. Two scenarios are usually invoked to explain their existence — genuine physical structures or resolution-driven artifacts — yet distinguishing between them requires characterizing their internal structure. In this work, part […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis Ho | Summary:Dense star-forming regions in $z>1$ galaxies, often termed ‘clumps’, have been studied across two distinct regimes of telescope resolution, each motivating interpretations in tension with the other. In the SCALES series (Star-Forming Clumps As Layered Emergent Structures), we aim to connect star-forming structures across scales, from the $sim100,mathrmpc$ clumps in […]