Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Zhuo Li, Guodong Du, Weiyang Guo, Yigeng Zhou, Xiucheng Li | Summary: Aligning large language models (LLMs) to simultaneously satisfy multiple objectives remains a significant challenge, especially given the diverse and often conflicting nature of human preferences. Existing alignment methods struggle to balance trade-offs effectively, often requiring […]
Kavli Affiliate: Stephan S. Meyer | First 5 Authors: James. H. Adams Jr., Denis Allard, Phillip Alldredge, Luis Anchordoqui, Anna Anzalone | Summary: The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) is a pathfinder mission toward a space-based observatory such as the Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA). The aim of […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ting Xu | First 5 Authors: Ting Xu, Zhichao Huang, Jiankai Sun, Shanbo Cheng, Wai Lam | Summary: We present Sequential Policy Optimization for Simultaneous Machine Translation (SeqPO-SiMT), a new policy optimization framework that defines the simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) task as a sequential decision making problem, incorporating a tailored reward to enhance […]
Kavli Affiliate: Nathaniel Heintz | Authors: Matthew Baffuto, Kert Mätlik, Isaac Ilyashov, Maria Esterlita Siantoputri, Hasnahana Chetia, Yurie Harada, Erika Sipos, Paul Darnell, Laura Kus, Thomas Carroll, Douglas Barrows, Christina Pressl, Nicholas Didkovsky and Nathaniel Heintz | Summary: Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by neuronal dysfunction and degeneration that varies markedly by brain region and […]
Kavli Affiliate: Rainer Spurzem | First 5 Authors: Abylay Bissekenov, Xiaoying Pang, Albrecht Kamlah, M. B. N. Kouwenhoven, Rainer Spurzem | Summary: Young star clusters can inherit bulk rotation from the molecular clouds from which they have formed. This rotation can affect the long-term evolution of a star cluster and its constituent stellar populations. In […]
Kavli Affiliate: Rainer Spurzem | First 5 Authors: Abylay Bissekenov, Xiaoying Pang, Albrecht Kamlah, M. B. N. Kouwenhoven, Rainer Spurzem | Summary: Young star clusters can inherit bulk rotation from the molecular clouds from which they have formed. This rotation can affect the long-term evolution of a star cluster and its constituent stellar populations. In […]
Kavli Affiliate: Yasunori Nomura | First 5 Authors: Yasunori Nomura, Tomonori Ugajin, , , | Summary: We study how meaningful physical predictions can arise in nonperturbative quantum gravity in a closed Lorentzian universe. In such settings, recent developments suggest that the quantum gravitational Hilbert space is one-dimensional and real for each $alpha$-sector, as induced by […]
Kavli Affiliate: Yasunori Nomura | First 5 Authors: Yasunori Nomura, Tomonori Ugajin, , , | Summary: We study how meaningful physical predictions can arise in nonperturbative quantum gravity in a closed Lorentzian universe. In such settings, recent developments suggest that the quantum gravitational Hilbert space is one-dimensional and real for each $alpha$-sector, as induced by […]
Kavli Affiliate: Long Zhang | First 5 Authors: Yu Yao, Junhao Zhang, Pu Miao, Long Zhang, Gaojie Chen | Summary: Unlike the conventional fully-passive and fully-active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), a hybrid RIS consisting of active and passive reflection units has recently been concerned, which can exploit their integrated advantages to alleviate the RIS-induced path […]
Kavli Affiliate: Yi Zhou | First 5 Authors: Wensi Sun, Yanshuang Chen, Wencheng Ji, Yi Zhou, Hua Tong | Summary: Hierarchical dynamics in glass-forming systems span multiple timescales, from fast vibrations to slow structural rearrangements, appearing in both supercooled fluids and glassy states. Understanding how these diverse processes interact across timescales remains a central challenge. […]