Kavli Affiliate: Michael Shadlen | Authors: Lindsey S Brown, NaYoung So, L F Abbott, Michael N Shadlen and Mark S Goldman | Summary: Making accurate decisions requires the brain to maintain evolving representations of accumulated evidence. The population that maintains this evolving representation may change over the course of evidence accumulation. For example, intervening actions […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gregory Herczeg | Summary:We present the 1.6$-$28 $μ$m spectra of the young protostar EC 53, obtained with JWST NIRSpec IFU and MIRI MRS during the quiescent and burst phases of its periodic brightness variations. To isolate ice absorption features, we modeled and removed the mid-infrared silicate dust absorption using a dedicated continuum-fitting procedure. […]
Kavli Affiliate: Alireza Marandi | Summary:Temporally multimode squeezed states have been a topic of recent interest due to their applications in quantum communication, information processing, and sensing. Characterizing the mode shapes is crucial for effectively manipulating these states, but current mode shape and state characterization techniques necessitate constraining assumptions and complicated experimental setups. Here, we […]
Kavli Affiliate: Stephanie Wehner | Summary:A quantum network’s purpose is to enable users to execute applications on end nodes. This requires the network to provide the service of creating entangled links between those nodes. Users of mature networks, such as the internet or the telephone network expect accepted service demands to be met reliably. We […]
Kavli Affiliate: Austin Joyce | Summary:We uncover a combinatorial structure governing the differential equations satisfied by wavefunction coefficients of scalar fields with generic masses in de Sitter space. Using an integral representation of the massive mode functions, we express the Feynman integrals underlying cosmological correlators as twisted integrals of rational functions. In this formulation, the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gordan Krnjaic | Summary:We propose a novel cosmological scenario in which baryonic neutron stars could plausibly form in the early universe. If baryogenesis initially produces an excessively-large baryon asymmetry, $Y_B gg 10^-10,$ the baryonic mass inside the horizon can exceed the minimum neutron star mass before big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN). While this large […]
Kavli Affiliate: Thomas Crawford | Summary:Recent cosmological data reveal tension between parameters inferred from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and supernovae (SN) under $Λ$CDM. Typical dynamical dark energy parameterizations (such as $w_0w_a$) that seek to jointly resolve these tensions have an equation of state parameter that crosses into the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Anna Molofsky | Authors: Anthony Chang, Joanna Balcerek, Sofia Caryotakis, Kennedi Pyper, Peri Matatia, Elina Wells, Tatsuya Tsukui, Nathan A Ewing-Crystal, Eric Dean Merrill, Nicholas M Mroz, Madelene W Dahlgren, Kelly Cautivo, Marcela Taruselli, Hiromi Nakao-Inoue, Anna V Molofsky, Dean Sheppard and Ari B Molofsky | Summary: Viral pneumonias are lung infections that […]
Kavli Affiliate: Satoshi Shirai | Summary:We study the impact of multiple vector-like fermions in SU(5) grand unified theory (GUT). Threshold effects from extra fermions allow the observed gauge couplings to be consistently matched to a single unified gauge coupling, and typically raise the unification scale to $M_mathrmGUTsimeq 10^15.5,mathrmGeV$. Because the Standard Model fermions arise as […]
Kavli Affiliate: Misao Sasaki | Summary:The pulsar timing array (PTA) is a powerful technique for detecting nanohertz gravitational wave backgrounds (GWBs). However, conventional PTAs lack sensitivity to parity violation in the GWB. In this work, we propose a dipole pulsar timing array system (dPTA). By deriving the overlap reduction functions (ORFs) from the cross-correlation of […]