Kavli Affiliate: Daniel E. Holz
| First 5 Authors: Madison VanWyngarden, Madison VanWyngarden, , ,
| Summary:
Gravitational waves (GWs) serve as standard sirens by directly encoding the
luminosity distance to their source. When the host galaxy redshift is known,
for example, through observation of an electromagnetic (EM) counterpart, GW
detections can provide an independent measurement of the Hubble constant,
$H_0$. However, even in the absence of an EM counterpart, inferring $H_0$ is
possible through the dark siren method. In this approach, every galaxy in the
GW localization volume is considered a potential host that contributes to a
measurement of $H_0$, with redshift information supplied by galaxy catalogs.
Using mock galaxy catalogs, we explore the effect of catalog incompleteness on
dark siren measurements of $H_0$. We find that in the case of well-localized GW
events, if GW hosts are found in all galaxies with host halo masses $M_h > 2
times10^11 M_odoth^-1$, catalogs only need to be complete down to the
1% brightest magnitude $M_i < -22.43$ to draw an unbiased, informative
posterior on H0. We demonstrate that this is a direct result of the clustering
of fainter galaxies around brighter and more massive galaxies. For a mock
galaxy catalog without clustering, or for GW localization volumes that are too
large, using only the brightest galaxies results in a biased $H_0$ posterior.
These results are important for informing future dark siren analyses with
LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA as well as next-generation detectors.
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