Kavli Affiliate: Lindsey Bleem
| First 5 Authors: Asmaa Mazoun, Sebastian Bocquet, Joseph J. Mohr, Mathias Garny, Henrique Rubira
| Summary:
We use galaxy cluster abundance measurements from the South Pole Telescope
(SPT) enhanced by Multi-Component Matched Filter (MCMF) confirmation and
complemented with mass information obtained using weak-lensing data from Dark
Energy Survey Year~3 (DES Y3) and targeted Hubble Space Telescope (HST)
observations for probing deviations from the cold dark matter paradigm.
Concretely, we consider a class of dark sector models featuring interactions
between dark matter (DM) and a dark radiation (DR) component within the
framework of the Effective Theory of Structure Formation (ETHOS). We focus on
scenarios that lead to power suppression over a wide range of scales, and thus
can be tested with data sensitive to large scales, as realized for example for
DM$-$DR interactions following from an unbroken non-Abelian $SU(N)$ gauge
theory (interaction rate with power-law index $n=0$ within the ETHOS
parameterization). Cluster abundance measurements are mostly sensitive to the
amount of DR interacting with DM, parameterized by the ratio of DR temperature
to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature, $xi_{rm DR}=T_{rm
DR}/T_{rm CMB}$. We find an upper limit $xi_{rm DR}<17%$ at $95%$
credibility. When the cluster data are combined with Planck 2018 CMB data along
with baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements we find $xi_{rm
DR}<10%$, corresponding to a limit on the abundance of interacting DR that is
around three times tighter than that from CMB+BAO data alone. We also discuss
the complementarity of weak lensing informed cluster abundance studies with
probes sensitive to smaller scales, explore the impact on our analysis of
massive neutrinos, and comment on a slight preference for the presence of a
non-zero interacting DR abundance, which enables a physical solution to the
$S_8$ tension.
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