Weak-Lensing Shear-Selected Galaxy Clusters from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program: I. Cluster Catalog, Selection Function and Mass–Observable Relation

Kavli Affiliate: Masahiro Takada

| First 5 Authors: Kai-Feng Chen, I-Non Chiu, Masamune Oguri, Yen-Ting Lin, Hironao Miyatake

| Summary:

We present the first step towards deriving cosmological constraints through
the abundances of galaxy clusters selected in a $510,mathrm{deg}^2$
weak-lensing aperture mass map, constructed with the Year-Three shear catalog
from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. We adopt a conservative
source galaxy selection to construct a sample of $129$ weak-lensing peaks with
a signal-to-noise ratio above $4.7$. We use semi-analytical injection
simulations to derive the selection function and the mass–observable relation
of our sample. These results take into account complicated uncertainties
associated with weak-lensing measurements, such as the non-uniform survey depth
and the complex survey geometry, projection effects from uncorrelated
large-scale structures, and the intrinsic alignment of source galaxies. We also
propose a novel modeling framework to make parts of the mass–observable
relation insensitive to assumed cosmological parameters. Such a framework not
only offers a great computational advantage to cosmological studies, but can
also benefit future astrophysical studies using shear-selected clusters. Our
results are an important step towards utilizing these cluster samples that are
constructed nearly independent of any baryonic assumptions in upcoming
deep-and-wide lensing surveys from the Vera Rubin Observatory, Euclid, and the
Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope.

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