Kavli Affiliate: Feng Wang
| First 5 Authors: Hao Zeng, Feng Wang, Chao Sun, ,
| Summary:
Understanding the solidification dynamics of impacted water droplets is
fundamental and crucial for applications, especially with the presence of frost
and salt. Here, we experimentally investigate the spreading and freezing
dynamics of saline droplets upon impact on a cold, frosty surface. Our findings
demonstrate that the frost and salt can lead to an extended spreading of
impacted droplets under specific conditions. In addition to the well-known 1/2
inertial spreading scaling law for droplets impact on a cold substrate, we
observe a distinct transition to a 1/10 scaling law dominated by the
capillary-viscous relation at low impacting velocities. We formulate the onset
criterion for this extended spreading regime and derive a scaling dependence
that captures the droplet’s arrested diameter over various supercooling
temperatures, by incorporating the effect of impact inertia, partial-wetting
behavior and salinity. Based on the analysis, a unified model is proposed for
predicting the droplet arrested diameter over a wide range of impact velocity
and salinity.
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