Distinct Optical Excitation Mechanisms of a Coherent Magnon in a van der Waals Antiferromagnet

Kavli Affiliate: Leon Balents

| First 5 Authors: Clifford J. Allington, Carina A. Belvin, Urban F. P. Seifert, Mengxing Ye, Tommy Tai

| Summary:

The control of antiferromagnets with ultrashort optical pulses has emerged as
a prominent field of research. Tailored laser excitation can launch coherent
spin waves at terahertz frequencies, yet a comprehensive description of their
generation mechanisms is still lacking despite extensive efforts. Using
terahertz emission spectroscopy, we investigate the generation of a coherent
magnon mode in the van der Waals antiferromagnet NiPS$_3$ under a range of
photoexcitation conditions. By tuning the pump photon energy from transparency
to resonant with a $d$-$d$ transition, we reveal a striking change in the
coherent magnon’s dependence on the pump polarization, indicating two distinct
excitation mechanisms. Our findings provide a strategy for the manipulation of
magnetic modes via photoexcitation around sub-gap electronic states.

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