Searching for Ultralight Dark Matter Conversion in Solar Corona using Low Frequency Array Data

Kavli Affiliate: Jia Liu

| First 5 Authors: Haipeng An, Xingyao Chen, Shuailiang Ge, Jia Liu, Yan Luo

| Summary:

Ultralight dark photons and axions are well-motivated hypothetical dark
matter candidates. Both dark photon dark matter and axion dark matter can
resonantly convert into electromagnetic waves in the solar corona when their
mass is equal to the solar plasma frequency. The resultant electromagnetic
waves appear as monochromatic signals within the radio-frequency range with an
energy equal to the dark matter mass, which can be detected via radio
telescopes for solar observations. Here we show our search for converted
monochromatic signals in the observational data collected by the
high-sensitivity Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) telescope and establish an upper
limit on the kinetic mixing coupling between dark photon dark matter and
photon, which can reach values as low as $10^{-13}$ within the frequency range
of $30-80$ MHz. This limit represents an improvement of approximately one order
of magnitude better than the existing constraint from the cosmic microwave
background observation. Additionally, we derive an upper limit on the
axion-photon coupling within the same frequency range, which is better than the
constraints from Light-Shining-through-a-Wall experiments while not exceeding
the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) experiment or other astrophysical bounds.

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