Kavli Affiliate: Naoki Yasuda
| First 5 Authors: Ji-an Jiang, Naoki Yasuda, Keiichi Maeda, Nozomu Tominaga, Mamoru Doi
| Summary:
In this Letter, we report the discovery of an ultraluminous fast-evolving
transient in rest-frame UV wavelengths, MUSSES2020J, soon after its occurrence
by using the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) mounted on the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. The
rise time of about 5 days with an extremely high UV peak luminosity shares
similarities to a handful of fast blue optical transients whose peak
luminosities are comparable with the most luminous supernovae while their
timescales are significantly shorter (hereafter "fast blue ultraluminous
transient," FBUT). In addition, MUSSES2020J is located near the center of a
normal low-mass galaxy at a redshift of 1.063, suggesting a possible connection
between the energy source of MUSSES2020J and the central part of the host
galaxy. Possible physical mechanisms powering this extreme transient such as a
wind-driven tidal disruption event and an interaction between supernova and
circumstellar material are qualitatively discussed based on the first multiband
early-phase light curve of FBUTs, although whether the scenarios can
quantitatively explain the early photometric behavior of MUSSES2020J requires
systematical theoretical investigations. Thanks to the ultrahigh luminosity in
UV and blue optical wavelengths of these extreme transients, a promising number
of FBUTs from the local to the high-z universe can be discovered through deep
wide-field optical surveys in the near future.
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