Experimentally ruling out joint reality based on operational completeness

Kavli Affiliate: Xiang Zhang

| First 5 Authors: Qiuxin Zhang, Yu Xiang, Xiaoting Gao, Chenhao Zhu, Yuxin Wang

| Summary:

Whether the observables of a physical system admit real values is of
fundamental importance to a deep understanding of nature. In this work, we
report a device-independent experiment to confirm that the joint reality of two
observables on a single two-level system is incompatible with the assumption of
operational completeness, which is strictly weaker than that of preparation
noncontextuality. We implement two observables on a trapped $^{171}{rm
Yb}^{+}$ ion to test this incompatibility via violation of certain inequalities
derived from both linear and nonlinear criteria. Moreover, by introducing a
highly controllable dephasing channel, we show that the nonlinear criterion is
more robust against noise. Our results push the fundamental limit to delineate
the quantum-classical boundary and pave the way for exploring relevant problems
in other scenarios.

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