Kavli Affiliate: Alireza Marandi
| First 5 Authors: Qiushi Guo, Ryoto Sekine, Luis Ledezma, Rajveer Nehra, Devin J. Dean
| Summary:
Optical nonlinear functions are crucial for various applications in
integrated photonics, such as all-optical information processing, photonic
neural networks and on-chip ultrafast light sources. Due to the weak
nonlinearities in most integrated photonic platforms, realizing optical
nonlinear functions typically requires large driving energies in the picojoules
level or beyond, thus imposing a barrier for most applications. Here, we tackle
this challenge and demonstrate an integrated nonlinear splitter device in
lithium niobate nano-waveguides by simultaneous engineering of the dispersion
and quasi-phase matching. We achieve non-resonant all-optical switching with
ultra-low energies down to tens of femtojoules, a near instantaneous switching
time of 18 fs, and a large extinction ratio of more than 5 dB. Our nonlinear
splitter simultaneously realizes switch-on and -off operations and features a
state-of-the-art switching energy-time product as low as $1.4 times10^{-27}$
J$cdot$s. We also show a path toward attojoule level all-optical switching by
further optimizing the device geometry. Our results can enable on-chip
ultrafast and energy-efficient all-optical information processing, computing
systems, and light sources.
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