Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vagins | Summary:The preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early Universe, the dynamics of the supernova bursts that produced the heavy elements necessary for life and whether protons eventually decay — these mysteries at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics are key to understanding the early evolution of our Universe, […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Vagins | Summary:We model the distance, extinction, and magnitude probability distributions of a successful Galactic core-collapse supernova (ccSN), its shock breakout radiation, and its massive star progenitor. We find, at very high probability (~100%), that the next Galactic SN will easily be detectable in the near-IR and that near-IR photometry of the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kentaro Hori | Summary:We compute the elliptic genera of two-dimensional N=(2,2) and N=(0,2) gauged linear sigma models via supersymmetric localization, for rank-one gauge groups. The elliptic genus is expressed as a sum over residues of a meromorphic function whose argument is the holonomy of the gauge field along both the spatial and the […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Hartz | Summary:The T2K collaboration: reports evidence for electron neutrino appearance at the atmospheric mass splitting, |Δm_32^2|=2.4×10^-3 eV^2. An excess of electron neutrino interactions over background is observed from a muon neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV at the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector 295 km from the beam’s origin. Signal […]
Kavli Affiliate: Toshitake Kohno | Summary:Let X be a finite CW-complex, denote its fundamental group by G. Let R be an n-dimensional complex repesentation of G. Any element A of the first cohomology group of X with complex coefficients gives rise to the exponential deformation of the representation R, which can be considered as a […]
Kavli Affiliate: Hiroaki Aihara | Summary:The Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) is a massively-multiplexed fiber-fed optical and near-infrared 3-arm spectrograph (N_fiber=2400, 380<lambda<1260nm, 1.3 degree diameter FoV), offering unique opportunities in survey astronomy. Here we summarize the science case feasible for a survey of Subaru 300 nights. We describe plans to constrain the nature of dark […]
Kavli Affiliate: Takeo Higuchi | Summary:We report a new sensitive search for CPT violation, which includes improved measurements of the CPT-violating parameter z and the total decay-width difference normalized to the averaged width DeltaGamma_d/Gamma_d of the two Bd mass eigenstates. The results are based on a data sample of 535 x 10^6 BBbar pairs collected […]
Kavli Affiliate: Tomiyoshi Haruyama | Summary:The thermal fluctuation of mirror surfaces is the fundamental limitation for interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors. Here, we experimentally demonstrate for the first time a reduction in a mirror’s thermal fluctuation in a GW detector with sapphire mirrors from the Cryogenic Laser Interferometer Observatory at 17,K and 18,K. The detector […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Hartz | Summary:An Optical Transition Radiation monitor has been developed for the proton beam-line of the T2K long base-line neutrino oscillation experiment. The monitor operates in the highly radioactive environment in proximity to the T2K target. It uses optical transition radiation, the light emitted from a thin metallic foil when the charged […]
Kavli Affiliate: Mark Hartz | Summary:T2K is a long baseline high intensity neutrino oscillation experiment employing an off-axis design to search for the as yet unobserved appearance of ν_e neutrinos in a ν_μ beam. The neutrino beam originates at the J-PARC facility in Tokai, Japan and the Super-Kamiokande (SK) detector, located 295 km away, measures […]