Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang | First 5 Authors: Xiaolong Yang, Xiaolong Yang, , , | Summary: Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) is one of the key chemical species that controls and shapes a wide spectrum of astrophysical processes ranging from galaxy evolution to planet formation. Although the catalyzation on dust grain surfaces is considered as the dominant […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: Ke Wang, Ke Wang, , , | Summary: The growing capabilities of large language models and multimodal systems have spurred interest in voice-first AI assistants, yet existing benchmarks are inadequate for evaluating the full range of these systems’ capabilities. We introduce VoiceAssistant-Eval, a comprehensive benchmark designed to […]
Kavli Affiliate: Ke Wang | First 5 Authors: Zimu Lu, Zimu Lu, , , | Summary: Agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on repository-level code-generation tasks. However, for tasks such as website codebase generation, which depend heavily on visual effects and user-interaction feedback, current code agents rely only on […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Hua Yuan, Hua Yuan, , , | Summary: Parameter transfer is a central paradigm in transfer learning, enabling knowledge reuse across tasks and domains by sharing model parameters between upstream and downstream models. However, when only a subset of parameters from the upstream model is transferred to […]
Kavli Affiliate: Jing Wang | First 5 Authors: Sicong Leng, Sicong Leng, , , | Summary: Large multimodal reasoning models have achieved rapid progress, but their advancement is constrained by two major limitations: the absence of open, large-scale, high-quality long chain-of-thought (CoT) data, and the instability of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in post-training. Group Relative […]
Kavli Affiliate: Luis C. Ho | First 5 Authors: John D. Silverman, John D. Silverman, , , | Summary: Contamination-free assessments of the interstellar medium and star formation in quasar host galaxies, particularly based on the far-infrared, offer insights into the role of supermassive black holes in galaxy evolution. Motivated by predictions of quasar heating […]
Kavli Affiliate: Lile Wang | First 5 Authors: Shunyuan Mao, Shunyuan Mao, , , | Summary: Accretion disks are ubiquitous in astrophysics, appearing in diverse environments from planet-forming systems to X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei. Traditionally, modeling their dynamics requires computationally intensive (magneto)hydrodynamic simulations. Recently, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising […]
Kavli Affiliate: Zhuo Li | First 5 Authors: Huizhen Shu, Huizhen Shu, , , | Summary: Achieving robust safety alignment in large language models (LLMs) while preserving their utility remains a fundamental challenge. Existing approaches often struggle to balance comprehensive safety with fine-grained controllability at the representation level. We introduce LATENTGUARD, a novel three-stage framework […]
Kavli Affiliate: Gregory J. Herczeg | First 5 Authors: Min Fang, Min Fang, , , | Summary: We re-evaluate the star formation history of the nearby Sco-Cen OB Association with a comprehensive analysis of Gaia XP spectra of more than 7,800 potential members. New spectral classifications are obtained by fitting individual XP spectra with templates […]
Kavli Affiliate: Kohei Inayoshi | First 5 Authors: Kohei Inayoshi, Kohei Inayoshi, , , | Summary: The birth of seeds of massive black holes (BHs) and nascent galaxies at cosmic dawn takes place in dense gaseous environments, which play a crucial role in shaping their coevolution and radiation spectra. We investigate gas accretion during the […]